Agaricus bisporus, called as button mushroom, constitutes majority of the cultivated mushrooms in the world. Green mould, caused by Trichoderma species, is a destructive fungal disease causing epidemics in A. bisporus cultivation. In 2015, 2016 and 2017, a total of 71 samples including compost, casing soil and mushroom tissues were collected from mushroom farms in Antalya Province, Turkey. Of 24 Trichoderma isolates obtained, 13 were identified as Trichoderma aggressivum f. aggressivum (Th4). To date, Th4 is known to occur in North America, but it was also reported in Hungary in 2017. In addition, to our knowledge, this is the first record of occurrence of Th4 on button mushroom in Turkey. In the present study, in vitro and in vivo experiments were also conducted to examine aggressiveness of the Trichoderma isolates on A. bisporus. In vitro experiments, based on confrontation tests, it was found that mycelial growth of A. bisporus was inhibited up to 71.99% and 58.71% in the presence of Th4 and Th1 isolates, respectively. In vivo experiments, biomass and morphological features (cap weight, stipe weight and so on) of the mushrooms in the treatments were compared with controls. Th4 isolates caused 95.06% mean reduction in biomass. Th4 and Th1 isolates significantly affected all the examined morphological features. The study revealed that Th4 and Th1 isolates had significant (P < 0.01) inhibitory influence on A. bisporus growth in vitro and in vivo. But, aggressiveness of the Th4 isolates was significantly much higher than that of the Th1 isolates.

中文翻译：

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绿色霉菌对土耳其栽培蘑菇（Agaricus bisporus）的攻击性。

双孢蘑菇，被称为纽扣蘑菇，构成了世界上大多数栽培的蘑菇。由木霉属物种引起的绿色霉菌是一种破坏性真菌病，在A中引起流行。双孢栽培。在2015年，2016年和2017年，从土耳其安塔利亚省的蘑菇农场收集了71个样品，包括堆肥，肠衣土壤和蘑菇组织。在获得的24株木霉分离物中，有13株被鉴定为侵略性木霉。侵略性的（Th4）。迄今为止，已知Th4在北美发生，但2017年在匈牙利也有报道。此外，据我们所知，这是土耳其纽扣蘑菇中Th4发生的第一个记录。在本研究中，还进行了体外和体内实验，以检查木霉分离物对A的侵袭性。双孢子虫。在体外实验中，基于对抗测试，发现A的菌丝体生长。双孢菌属在Th4和Th1分离株的存在下，其被抑制的比例分别高达71.99％和58.71％。在体内实验中，将处理中的蘑菇的生物量和形态特征（盖重，菌柄重等）与对照进行了比较。Th4分离物导致平均生物量减少95.06％。Th4和Th1分离株显着影响所有检查的形态学特征。研究表明，Th4和Th1分离株 对A具有明显的抑制作用（P <0.01）。双孢菌在体外和体内生长。但是，Th4分离株的攻击性明显高于Th1分离株。