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A Review on Occurrence of Pesticides in Environment and Current Technologies for Their Remediation and Management
Indian Journal of Microbiology ( IF 3 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-14 , DOI: 10.1007/s12088-019-00841-x
K. S. Rajmohan , Ramya Chandrasekaran , Sunita Varjani

Pesticides are the chemicals used to prevent plant diseases, weeds, pests and to enhance the quality of the food products. The uniqueness of their chemical structure, and/or their interactions with the environment characterize the nature of pesticides. In most scenarios, the end users such as farmers and consumers, who know the serious effects of pesticides cannot translate this awareness into their practice. The mobility, bioavailability of pesticides in soils (atmosphere, water bodies) is based upon their absorption and desorption mechanisms from soil particles. Pesticides have harmful effects in the soil ecosystem, and mankind (which affects biological molecules, tissues, and organs resulting in acute or chronic disorders). It affects humans of all ages including prenatal. These pollutants, when released into the water bodies affects the aquatic systems. The water molecules in the river are affected by the accumulation of these toxic contaminants with its alkaline pH and heavy metals which could adversely affect the health of flora and fauna. This article discusses the scientific literature on various remediation technologies available for the safer use of pesticides. The limitations and benefits of chemically polluted soil using microorganisms and other biological methods have been discussed. However, future development measures are still needed to ensure full implementation of these methods to save the environment.

中文翻译:

环境中农药的发生与治理及现有技术综述

农药是用于预防植物病害,杂草,害虫和提高食品质量的化学物质。其化学结构的独特性和/或它们与环境的相互作用是农药性质的特征。在大多数情况下,知道农药的严重影响的最终用户(如农民和消费者)无法将这种认识转化为他们的实践。农药在土壤(大气,水体)中的迁移率,生物利用度基于其从土壤颗粒中的吸收和解吸机理。农药对土壤生态系统和人类都有危害(影响生物分子,组织和器官,导致急性或慢性疾病)。它影响包括产前在内的所有年龄段的人类。这些污染物 当释放到水体中时会影响水生系统。河流中的水分子受到碱性pH值和重金属的这些有毒污染物的积累的影响,这可能会对动植物的健康产生不利影响。本文讨论了可用于更安全使用农药的各种修复技术的科学文献。讨论了使用微生物和其他生物方法化学污染土壤的局限性和益处。但是,仍然需要未来的开发措施,以确保完全实施这些方法以保护环境。本文讨论了可用于更安全使用农药的各种修复技术的科学文献。讨论了使用微生物和其他生物方法化学污染土壤的局限性和益处。但是,仍然需要未来的开发措施,以确保完全实施这些方法以保护环境。本文讨论了可用于更安全使用农药的各种修复技术的科学文献。讨论了使用微生物和其他生物方法化学污染土壤的局限性和益处。但是,仍然需要未来的开发措施,以确保完全实施这些方法以保护环境。
更新日期:2020-02-14
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