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Biological and genetic characterization of carrot red leaf virus and its associated virus/RNA isolated from carrots in Hokkaido, Japan
Plant Pathology ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-24 , DOI: 10.1111/ppa.13202
Naoto Yoshida 1
Affiliation  

Carrot motley dwarf (CMD) is caused by mixed infection of carrot red leaf virus (CtRLV) with either carrot mottle virus (CMoV) or carrot mottle mimic virus, and additional infection with CtRLV‐associated RNA (CtRLVaRNA). Here, the author investigated the viruses or virus‐like RNA isolated from carrots with reddening symptoms in Hokkaido, the northern island of Japan. Three types of infections were mainly detected: single infection with CtRLV, which was most prevalent; double infection with CtRLV and CMoV; and triple infection with CtRLV, CMoV, and CtRLVaRNA. Fields with the three agents were severely affected, with diseased plants showing mottling, whereas in fields where disease incidence was low and sporadic, CtRLV was often found alone in plants with mild symptoms. Inoculation tests using carrot plants showed that CMoV enhanced disease severity, and the RNA accumulation of CtRLV. However, in the presence of CtRLVaRNA (+ CMoV), distinct symptoms such as systemic mottling and stunting developed, while the enhancement of CtRLV accumulation was abolished. These results imply that CtRLVaRNA (+ CMoV) antagonizes CtRLV despite its dependence on CtRLV for aphid transmission, and that mixed infection with CtRLVaRNA is involved in the development of the conspicuous mottling. All agents detected in Hokkaido were very similar to European and American isolates in terms of their genomic sequences and host range. This represents the first report of CMD in Japan, and provides further information on the genetic and biological properties of CMD‐associated agents, as well as the aetiology of the disease.

中文翻译:

日本北海道胡萝卜红叶病毒及其相关病毒/ RNA的生物学和遗传特征

胡萝卜杂色矮人(CMD)是由胡萝卜红叶病毒(CtRLV)与胡萝卜斑驳病毒(CMoV)或胡萝卜斑驳模拟病毒的混合感染以及与CtRLV相关的RNA(CtRLVaRNA)的其他感染引起的。在这里,作者调查了在日本北部岛屿北海道从具有发红症状的胡萝卜中分离出的病毒或类病毒RNA。主要检测到三种类型的感染:最普遍的是CtRLV的单一感染;第二种是CtRLV。CtRLV和CMoV双重感染;以及CtRLV,CMoV和CtRLVaRNA的三重感染。使用这三种药物的田地受到严重影响,患病植物表现出斑驳,而在疾病发生率低且零星的田地中,通常仅在症状轻微的植物中单独发现CtRLV。使用胡萝卜植物进行的接种测试表明CMoV可增强疾病的严重程度,和CtRLV的RNA积累。但是,在存在CtRLVaRNA(+ CMoV)的情况下,出现了明显的症状,例如全身性斑点病和发育迟缓,而CtRLV积累的增强被取消了。这些结果表明,尽管CtRLVaRNA(+ CMoV)依赖于CtRLV进行蚜虫传播,但仍能拮抗CtRLV,并且CtRLVaRNA的混合感染与明显斑驳有关。就基因组序列和宿主范围而言,在北海道检测到的所有病原体与欧洲和美国分离株非常相似。这是CMD在日本的首次报道,并提供了有关CMD相关药物的遗传和生物学特性以及该病的病因的更多信息。出现了诸如全身运动和发育迟缓等明显症状,而CtRLV积累的增强被取消了。这些结果表明,尽管CtRLVaRNA(+ CMoV)依赖于CtRLV进行蚜虫传播,但仍能拮抗CtRLV,并且CtRLVaRNA的混合感染与明显斑驳有关。在北海道检测到的所有病原菌,其基因组序列和寄主范围均与欧洲和美国分离株非常相似。这是CMD在日本的首次报道,并提供了有关CMD相关药物的遗传和生物学特性以及该病的病因的更多信息。出现了诸如全身运动和发育迟缓等明显症状,而CtRLV积累的增强被取消了。这些结果表明,尽管CtRLVaRNA(+ CMoV)依赖于CtRLV进行蚜虫传播,但仍能拮抗CtRLV,并且与CtRLVaRNA的混合感染参与了显着斑驳的发展。在北海道检测到的所有病原菌,其基因组序列和寄主范围均与欧洲和美国分离株非常相似。这是CMD在日本的首次报道,并提供了有关CMD相关药物的遗传和生物学特性以及该病的病因的更多信息。这些结果表明,尽管CtRLVaRNA(+ CMoV)依赖于CtRLV进行蚜虫传播,但仍能拮抗CtRLV,并且CtRLVaRNA的混合感染与明显斑驳有关。在北海道检测到的所有病原菌,其基因组序列和寄主范围均与欧洲和美国分离株非常相似。这是CMD在日本的首次报道,并提供了有关CMD相关药物的遗传和生物学特性以及该病的病因的更多信息。这些结果表明,尽管CtRLVaRNA(+ CMoV)依赖于CtRLV进行蚜虫传播,但仍能拮抗CtRLV,并且CtRLVaRNA的混合感染与明显斑驳有关。在北海道检测到的所有病原菌,其基因组序列和寄主范围均与欧洲和美国分离株非常相似。这是CMD在日本的首次报道,并提供了有关CMD相关药物的遗传和生物学特性以及该病的病因的更多信息。
更新日期:2020-05-24
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