We explored how a geographic information system modeling approach could be used to quantify supporting ecosystem services related to the type, abundance, and distribution of landscape components. Specifically, we use the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs model to quantify habitats that support amphibians and birds, floral resources that support pollinators, native-plant communities that support regional biodiversity, and above- and below-ground carbon stores in the Des Moines Lobe ecoregion of the U.S. We quantified services under two scenarios, one that represented the 2012 Des Moines Lobe landscape, and one that simulated the conversion to crop production of wetlands and surrounding uplands conserved under the USDA Agricultural Conservation Easement Program (ACEP). While ACEP easements only covered 0.35% of the ecoregion, preserved wetlands and grasslands provided for 19,020 ha of amphibian habitat, 21,462 ha of grassland-bird habitat, 18,798 ha of high-quality native wetland plants, and 27,882 ha of floral resources for pollinators. Additionally, ACEP protected lands stored 257,722 t of carbon that, if released, would result in costs in excess of 45-million USD. An integrated approach using results from a GIS-based model in combination with process-based model quantifications will facilitate more informed decisions related to ecosystem service tradeoffs.

我们探索了如何使用地理信息系统建模方法来量化与景观要素的类型，丰度和分布有关的支持性生态系统服务。具体来说，我们使用生态系统服务和折衷综合评估模型来量化支持两栖动物和鸟类的栖息地，支持传粉媒介的花卉资源，支持区域生物多样性的本地植物群落以及得梅因的地上和地下碳库美国的叶生态区我们在两种情况下对服务进行了量化，一种代表了2012年的得梅因罗贝景观，另一种模拟了根据美国农业部农业保护计划（ACEP）保护的湿地和周围高地向作物生产的转化。虽然ACEP地役权仅覆盖了生态区的0.35％，保留的湿地和草原，可提供19,020公顷的两栖动物栖息地，21,462公顷的草地鸟类栖息地，18,798公顷的优质原生湿地植物以及27,882公顷的花粉传粉者。此外，ACEP保护的土地储存了257,722吨碳，如果释放，将导致成本超过4,500万美元。结合使用基于GIS的模型结果和基于过程的模型量化的综合方法，将有助于更明智地做出与生态系统服务权衡有关的决策。成本将超过4500万美元。结合使用基于GIS的模型结果和基于过程的模型量化的综合方法，将有助于更明智地做出与生态系统服务权衡有关的决策。成本将超过4500万美元。结合使用基于GIS的模型结果和基于过程的模型量化的综合方法，将有助于更明智地做出与生态系统服务权衡有关的决策。