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In situ estimation of genetic variation of functional and ecological traits in Quercus petraea and Q.robur.
Tree Genetics & Genomes ( IF 2.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-28 , DOI: 10.1007/s11295-019-1407-9
Hermine Alexandre 1 , Laura Truffaut 1 , Alexis Ducousso 1 , Jean-Marc Louvet 1 , Gérard Nepveu 2 , José M Torres-Ruiz 1, 3 , Frédéric Lagane 1 , Cyril Firmat 1, 4 , Brigitte Musch 5 , Sylvain Delzon 1 , Antoine Kremer 1
Affiliation  

Predicting the evolutionary potential of natural tree populations requires the estimation of heritability and genetic correlations among traits on which selection acts, as differences in evolutionary success between species may rely on differences for these genetic parameters. In situ estimates are expected to be more accurate than measures done under controlled conditions which do not reflect the natural environmental variance. The aim of the current study was to estimate three genetic parameters (i.e., heritability, evolvability, and genetic correlations) in a natural mixed oak stand composed of Quercus petraea and Quercus robur about 100 years old, for 58 traits of ecological, and functional relevance (growth, reproduction, phenology, physiology, resilience, structure, morphology, and defense). First, we estimated genetic parameters directly in situ using realized genomic relatedness of adult trees and parentage relationships over two generations to estimate the traits’ additive variance. Secondly, we benefited from existing ex situ experiments (progeny tests and conservation collection) installed with the same populations, thus allowing comparisons of in situ heritability estimates with more traditional methods. Heritability and evolvability estimates obtained with different methods varied substantially and showed large confidence intervals; however, we found that in situ were less precise than ex situ estimates, and assessments over two generations (with deeper relatedness) improved estimates of heritability while large sampling sizes are needed for accurate estimations. At the biological level, heritability values varied moderately across different ecological and functional categories of traits, and genetic correlations among traits were conserved over the two species. We identified limits for using realized genomic relatedness in natural stands to estimate the genetic variance, given the overall low variance of genetic relatedness and the rather low sampling sizes of currently used long-term genetic plots in forestry. These limits can be overcome if larger sample sizes are considered, or if the approach is extended over the next generation.



中文翻译:

岩栎和刺槐功能性状和生态性状遗传变异的原位估计。

预测自然树种群的进化潜力需要估计选择作用的性状之间的遗传力和遗传相关性,因为物种之间进化成功的差异可能取决于这些遗传参数的差异。预计现场估计比在不反映自然环境变化的受控条件下进行的测量更准确。本研究的目的是估计由Quercus petraeaQuercus robur组成的天然混合橡木林分中的三个遗传参数(即遗传性、进化性和遗传相关性)大约 100 岁,用于 58 个生态和功能相关性状(生长、繁殖、物候、生理、复原力、结构、形态和防御)。首先,我们使用成年树的已实现基因组相关性和两代亲本关系直接原位估计遗传参数,以估计性状的加性方差。其次,我们受益于现有的异地使用相同的种群进行实验(后代测试和保护收集),从而可以将原位遗传力估计与更传统的方法进行比较。用不同方法获得的遗传力和可进化性估计差异很大,并显示出很大的置信区间;然而,我们发现原地估计不如异地估计精确,并且两代以上的评估(具有更深的相关性)改进了对遗传力的估计,而准确估计需要大样本量。在生物学水平上,遗传力值在不同生态和功能类别的性状中变化不大,并且两个物种的性状之间的遗传相关性是保守的。我们确定了在自然林分中使用已实现的基因组相关性来估计遗传方差的限制,考虑到遗传相关性的总体低方差和目前在林业中使用的长期遗传图的样本量相当低。如果考虑更大的样本量,或者如果该方法扩展到下一代,则可以克服这些限制。

更新日期:2020-02-28
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