Low temperature (LT) is a key environmental stress affecting the growth, development, yield, and quality of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). To better understand the genetic basis of cold tolerance in wheat, we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of low-temperature tolerance at the seedling stage. A total of 543 accessions were genotyped by high-density 90K Illumina iSelect single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array, based on phenotypic tests in six environments. We detected 63 loci including 76 significant SNPs associated with cold resistance. These significant SNPs were scattered over 18 chromosomes, which associated with 361 unique candidate genes. Furthermore, by combining transcriptome and GWAS analysis, we additionally identified 85 candidate genes related to cold resistance. These results offer new insights into the genetic basis of cold tolerance, and the linkage markers generated in this study should contribute to molecular-assisted breeding of cold tolerance in wheat.

低温（LT）是影响小麦（Triticum aestivum）的生长，发育，产量和品质的关键环境压力L.）。为了更好地了解小麦耐冷性的遗传基础，我们进行了幼苗期耐低温性的全基因组关联研究（GWAS）。根据在六个环境中的表型测试，通过高密度90K Illumina iSelect单核苷酸多态性（SNP）阵列对543个种质进行了基因分型。我们检测到63个基因座，包括与耐寒性相关的76个重要SNP。这些重要的SNP分散在18条染色体上，与361个独特的候选基因相关。此外，通过结合转录组和GWAS分析，我们还鉴定了85个与耐寒性相关的候选基因。这些结果提供了对耐寒性遗传基础的新见解，