The leaching behavior of five additives, including citric acid (CA), wood vinegar (WV), 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid (HEDP), polyaspartic acid (PASP) and FeCl₃, was investigated to evaluate the possibility of enhanced phytoextraction of Pennisetum sp. from cadmium-contaminated soil. FeCl₃ and CA have the highest leaching potential due to the ability that could convert large amounts of mobile fractions of Cd. The pot experiment showed that HEDP, WV, and PASP treatments could not only significantly increase the biomass of Pennisetum sp., but also maintain high uptake capacity of Cd by activating the stable fractions. HEDP has the highest Cd extraction efficiency and metal extraction ratio (MER) value. The phytoremediation efficiency could be improved mainly by increasing the biomass of the tolerant shoots, and Pennisetum sp. seems to have the maximum potential of phytoextraction to Cd with HEDP which could achieve a higher phytoextraction effect than Cd-hyperaccumulator.

中文翻译：

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狼尾草属植物对镉污染土壤的浸出行为和增强的植物提取作用。

研究了柠檬酸（CA），木醋（WV），1-羟基亚乙基-1,1-二膦酸（HEDP），聚天冬氨酸（PASP）和FeCl ₃等五种添加剂的浸出行为，以评估其可能性。加强对狼尾草属植物的提取 来自镉污染的土壤。FeCl ₃和CA的浸出潜力最高，这是因为它具有转化大量Cd流动部分的能力。盆栽试验表明，HEDP，WV和PASP处理不仅可以显着增加狼尾草的生物量但是，通过激活稳定的馏分也可以保持高的Cd吸收能力。HEDP具有最高的Cd提取效率和金属提取率（MER）值。植物修复效率的提高主要是通过增加耐性芽和狼尾草的生物量。HEDP似乎对Cd具有最大的植物提取潜力，与Cd超富集剂相比，可以实现更高的植物提取效果。