Purpose

This paper reviews the most recent literature related to the use of remote sensing (RS) data in wildland fire management.

Recent Findings

Studies dealing with pre-fire assessment, active fire detection, and fire effect monitoring are reviewed in this paper. The analysis follows the different fire management categories: fire prevention, detection, and post-fire assessment. Extracting the main trends from each of these temporal sections, recent RS literature shows growing support of the combined use of different sensors, particularly optical and radar data and lidar and optical passive images. Dedicated fire sensors have been developed in the last years, but still, most fire products are derived from sensors that were designed for other purposes. Therefore, the needs of fire managers are not always met, both in terms of spatial and temporal scales, favouring global over local scales because of the spatial resolution of existing sensors. Lidar use on fuel types and post-fire regeneration is more local, and mostly not operational, but future satellite lidar systems may help to obtain operational products. Regional and global scales are also combined in the last years, emphasizing the needs of using upscaling and merging methods to reduce uncertainties of global products. Validation is indicated as a critical phase of any new RS-based product. It should be based on the independent reference information acquired from statistically derived samples.

Summary

The main challenges of using RS for fire management rely on the need to improve the integration of sensors and methods to meet user requirements, uncertainty characterization of products, and greater efforts on statistical validation approaches.

中文翻译：

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卫星遥感对荒地火灾科学与管理的贡献

目的

本文回顾了有关在野火管理中使用遥感（RS）数据的最新文献。

最近的发现

本文综述了有关火灾前评估，主动火灾探测和火灾影响监测的研究。分析遵循不同的消防管理类别：防火，侦查和火灾后评估。从这些时间部分的每一个中提取主要趋势，最近的RS文献显示了对不同传感器（特别是光学和雷达数据以及激光雷达和光学无源图像）组合使用的支持。在过去的几年中已经开发出专用的火灾传感器，但是，大多数火灾产品仍来自为其他目的而设计的传感器。因此，就空间和时间尺度而言，并不总是能够满足消防管理人员的需求，由于现有传感器的空间分辨率，它们倾向于全局而非局部尺度。激光雷达在燃料类型和火后再生上的使用更为本地化，并且大多数情况下无法运行，但是未来的卫星激光雷达系统可能会有助于获得可运行的产品。过去几年中，区域和全球范围也进行了合并，强调了使用升级和合并方法来减少全球产品不确定性的需求。验证被认为是任何新的基于RS的产品的关键阶段。它应基于从统计得出的样本中获得的独立参考信息。验证被认为是任何新的基于RS的产品的关键阶段。它应基于从统计得出的样本中获得的独立参考信息。验证被认为是任何新的基于RS的产品的关键阶段。它应基于从统计得出的样本中获得的独立参考信息。

概要

使用RS进行消防管理的主要挑战在于需要改进传感器和方法的集成以满足用户需求，产品的不确定性表征以及在统计验证方法上的更多努力。