The relationship between livelihood diversification of farm households and cultivated land utilization has become a core research topic related to global environmental change. Agro-pastoral ecologically-vulnerable areas face challenges such as insufficient ecosystem conservation, low agricultural production, and weak economies. In this study, 215 farm households from Zhengxiangbai Banner, Taibus Banner, and Duolun County of Inner Mongolia were surveyed. The sustainable livelihoods framework of the United Kingdom (UK) Department for International Development (DFID) was used to measure the livelihood capital of these farm households. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied to examine the differences in the livelihood capital of different types households, and a correlation analysis was applied to analyze its impact on cultivated land utilization. Results showed that households with non-farming activities accounted for 64.7% of the total surveyed households, and non-farming employment was becoming more prevalent. Physical and financial capital was the driving factors for livelihood diversity. Each livelihood capital had key factors that affected household farmland use behaviors, such as the age of householder, the labor ratio, proportion of income, farmland scale, number of machines, and these had a significantly positive or negative influence on farmland use. Full-time farming households were more likely to transfer the land into cultivation and invest more labor, while non-farming households with high income were likely to transfer farmland out and invest more money to develop efficient farming or improve the employment skills. The results of this study suggest that policymakers need to fully consider livelihood changes of local households. It is effective to strengthen labor training, create farmland market and improve the efficiency of farmland utilization. We hope to achieve a win-win scenario to improve local economies and ecosystem conservation.

中文翻译：

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华北农牧生态脆弱区农户生计多样化及其对耕地利用的影响

农户生计多样化与耕地利用的关系已成为与全球环境变化相关的核心研究课题。农牧业生态脆弱区面临生态系统保护不足、农业产量低、经济疲软等挑战。本研究对内蒙古正祥白旗、太布旗和多伦县的215户农户进行了调查。英国（UK）国际发展部（DFID）的可持续生计框架被用来衡量这些农户的生计资本。应用单向方差分析（ANOVA）来检验不同类型家庭生计资本的差异，并应用相关分析分析其对耕地利用的影响。结果表明，从事非农活动的家庭占被调查家庭总数的64.7%，非农就业越来越普遍。物质和金融资本是生计多样性的驱动因素。每个生计资本都有影响家庭农地使用行为的关键因素，如户主年龄、劳动力比例、收入比例、耕地规模、机器数量等，这些因素对农地使用有显着的正向或负向影响。全职农户更有可能将土地流转耕种，投入更多劳动力，而高收入的非农户则可能将耕地转移出去，投入更多资金发展高效农业或提高就业技能。本研究结果表明，决策者需要充分考虑当地家庭的生计变化。加强劳动力培训，创造耕地市场，提高耕地利用效率。我们希望实现双赢的局面，以改善当地经济和生态系统保护。