Objective

To determine whether physiological, haematological, biochemical or electrolyte variables can predict severe haemorrhage in cats.

Study design

Randomized crossover study whereby each cat underwent mild and severe haemorrhage, with a 2 month period between events.

Animals

A group of six domestic cats aged 21 ± 1 months and weighing 4.9 ± 1.2 kg, mean ± standard deviation.

Methods

Cats were anaesthetized (buprenorphine, alfaxalone, isoflurane in oxygen at a fixed end-tidal concentration of 1.7%) before the haemorrhage event. In total, 34 variables were measured twice (prehaemorrhage and posthaemorrhage). The difference and percent change for each variable were compared between haemorrhage events (paired t test). Significant variables were placed into 13 different ratios (posthaemorrhage value of one variable divided by a posthaemorrhage value of a second variable) and compared (paired t test), and Cohen’s d (d) was calculated. Receiver operating characteristic curves were plotted and cut-off values for weak, moderate and strong indicators of severe haemorrhage were obtained.

Results

The blood loss was 4.5 ± 1.1 mL kg^–1 and 26.8 ± 5.5 mL kg^–1 for mild and severe haemorrhage events, respectively. The most significant variables with large effect sizes were heart rate (HR), systolic arterial blood pressure (SAP), end-tidal carbon dioxide (Pe′CO₂), serum albumin, haematocrit and actual bicarbonate ion concentration [HCO₃⁻(act)]. The most robust ratios were: 1) shock index (d = –2.8; HR:SAP); 2) HR:Pe′CO₂ (d = –2.9); 3) serum albumin: haematocrit (d = 1.5); and 4) HR:HCO₃⁻(act) (d = –1.6). These ratios were included in the final proposed Cat Acute Bleeding Scoring System (CABSS).

Conclusions

and clinical relevance Cats subjected to mild and severe haemorrhage demonstrated statistically and clinically relevant changes whereby four ratios could be created to make up the CABSS. The ratios detected and quantified the presence of severe haemorrhage in anaesthetized cats.

中文翻译：

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麻醉家猫急性出血严重程度评分系统的开发：CABSS评分。

目的

为了确定生理，血液，生物化学或电解质变量是否可以预测猫的严重出血。

学习规划

随机交叉研究，每只猫经历轻度和重度出血，两次间隔两次。

动物

一组六只年龄为21±1个月，体重4.9±1.2千克的家猫，均值±标准差。

方法

在出血事件发生之前，对猫进行麻醉（丁丙诺啡，阿法沙酮，异氟烷在氧气中的固定终潮浓度为1.7％）。总共两次测量了34个变量（出血前和出血后）。比较出血事件之间每个变量的差异和百分比变化（配对t检验）。将重要变量设置为13种不同的比率（一个变量的出血后值除以第二个变量的出血后值）并进行比较（配对t检验），并计算出Cohen d（d）。绘制接收器工作特性曲线，并获得严重出血的弱，中，强指标的临界值。

结果

轻度和重度出血事件的失血量分别为4.5±1.1 mL kg ^–1和26.8±5.5 mL kg ^–1。具有大的影响大小的最显著变量是心脏速率（HR），收缩期动脉压（SAP），呼气末二氧化碳（P E' CO ₂），血清白蛋白，血细胞比容和实际碳酸氢根离子浓度[HCO ₃ ^- （法案）]。最可靠的比率是：1）冲击指数（d  = –2.8； HR：SAP）；2）HR：P ë 'CO ₂（d  = -2.9）; 3）血清白蛋白：血细胞比容（d  = 1.5）；和4）HR：HCO ₃ ^-（ACT）（d = –1.6）。这些比率包括在最终提议的猫急性出血评分系统（CABSS）中。

结论

与临床相关性遭受轻度和严重出血的猫在统计学和临床​​上均表现出相关变化，因此可以创建四个比率来组成CABSS。该比率检测并量化了麻醉猫中严重出血的存在。