An analysis of heterogeneously flagellated microswimmers inside viscous fluids is presented. Flagella harvested from Salmonella typhimurium were isolated, repolymerized, and functionalized to have biotin at their ends, allowing for chemical attachment along the surfaces of avidin-coated microparticles. Assembled microswimmers were rotated under incremental magnetic field frequencies, in saline and methylcellulose solutions, to baseline their velocity responses. A mean square displacement analysis revealed that rotating microswimmers exhibited anomalous diffusive behavior at small time scales in each fluid and had increased diffusivity compared with the non-rotating cases. Flagellated microswimmers had decreased diffusivity when compared with non-flagellated microparticles in Brownian conditions. Microswimmers were demonstrated to perform selected trajectories under proportional feedback control with reasonable accuracy. Finally, microswimmer propulsion was shown to be heavily influenced by the handedness of the rotating magnetic fields, with frequency induced reversals of swimming direction observed under clockwise rotation; this effect was determined to be the result of flagellar bundling and unbundling.

中文翻译：

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在粘性流体中异质鞭毛微游泳行为。

提出了对粘性流体内部的异鞭毛微游泳器的分析。分离，重聚并功能化从鼠伤寒沙门氏菌收获的鞭毛，使其末端具有生物素，从而可沿抗生物素蛋白包被的微粒表面进行化学附着。在盐水和甲基纤维素溶液中，在逐渐增加的磁场频率下旋转组装的微游泳器，以使其速度响应达到基线。均方位移分析表明，与不旋转的情况相比，旋转的微游泳器在每种流体中均在较小的时间尺度上表现出异常的扩散行为，并且扩散率有所提高。与布朗氏条件下的非鞭毛微粒相比，鞭毛微游泳者的扩散率降低了。证明了微游泳者可以在比例反馈控制下以合理的精度执行选定的轨迹。最终，显示出微型游泳者的推进受到旋转磁场的顺手性的严重影响，在顺时针旋转下观察到频率引起游泳方向的反转。确定该效果是鞭毛捆绑和解捆的结果。