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Analysis of the relationship between LSTM network traffic flow prediction performance and statistical characteristics of standard and nonstandard data
Journal of Forecasting ( IF 2.627 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-25 , DOI: 10.1002/for.2683
Erdem Doğan 1
Affiliation  

The effectiveness of road traffic control systems can be increased with the help of a model that can accurately predict short‐term traffic flow. Therefore, the performance of the preferred approach to develop a prediction model should be evaluated with data sets with different statistical characteristics. Thus a correlation can be established between the statistical properties of the data set and the model performance. The determination of this relationship will assist experts in choosing the appropriate approach to develop a high‐performance short‐term traffic flow forecasting model. The main purpose of this study is to reveal the relationship between the long short‐term memory network (LSTM) approach's short‐term traffic flow prediction performance and the statistical properties of the data set used to develop the LSTM model. In order to reveal these relationships, two different traffic prediction models with LSTM and nonlinear autoregressive (NAR) approaches were created using different data sets, and statistical analyses were performed. In addition, these analyses were repeated for nonstandardized traffic data indicating unusual fluctuations in traffic flow. As a result of the analyses, LSTM and NAR model performances were found to be highly correlated with the kurtosis and skewness changes of the data sets used to train and test these models. On the other hand, it was found that the difference of mean and skewness values of training and test sets had a significant effect on model performance in the prediction of nonstandard traffic flow samples.

中文翻译:

LSTM网络流量预测性能与标准和非标准数据统计特性之间的关系分析

借助可以准确预测短期交通流量的模型,可以提高道路交通控制系统的效率。因此,应使用具有不同统计特征的数据集评估开发预测模型的首选方法的性能。因此,可以在数据集的统计属性与模型性能之间建立关联。这种关系的确定将帮助专家选择合适的方法来开发高性能的短期交通流量预测模型。这项研究的主要目的是揭示长短期记忆网络(LSTM)方法的短期交通流量预测性能与用于开发LSTM模型的数据集的统计属性之间的关系。为了揭示这些关系,使用不同的数据集创建了两个使用LSTM和非线性自回归(NAR)方法的交通预测模型,并进行了统计分析。此外,针对非标准化交通数据重复了这些分析,这些数据表明交通流量出现异常波动。分析的结果表明,LSTM和NAR模型的性能与用于训练和测试这些模型的数据集的峰度和偏度变化高度相关。另一方面,发现训练和测试集的均值和偏度值的差异在预测非标准交通流样本时对模型性能有重大影响。使用不同的数据集创建了两种使用LSTM和非线性自回归(NAR)方法的交通预测模型,并进行了统计分析。此外,针对非标准化交通数据重复了这些分析,这些数据表明交通流量出现异常波动。分析的结果表明,LSTM和NAR模型的性能与用于训练和测试这些模型的数据集的峰度和偏度变化高度相关。另一方面,发现训练和测试集的均值和偏度值的差异在预测非标准交通流样本时对模型性能有重大影响。使用不同的数据集创建了两种使用LSTM和非线性自回归(NAR)方法的交通预测模型,并进行了统计分析。此外,针对非标准化交通数据重复了这些分析,这些数据表明交通流量出现异常波动。分析的结果表明,LSTM和NAR模型的性能与用于训练和测试这些模型的数据集的峰度和偏度变化高度相关。另一方面,发现训练和测试集的均值和偏度值的差异在预测非标准交通流样本时对模型性能有重大影响。对非标准化交通数据重复进行这些分析,以表明交通流量出现异常波动。分析的结果表明,LSTM和NAR模型的性能与用于训练和测试这些模型的数据集的峰度和偏度变化高度相关。另一方面,发现训练和测试集的均值和偏度值的差异在预测非标准交通流样本时对模型性能有重大影响。对非标准化交通数据重复进行这些分析,以表明交通流量出现异常波动。分析的结果表明,LSTM和NAR模型的性能与用于训练和测试这些模型的数据集的峰度和偏度变化高度相关。另一方面,发现训练和测试集的均值和偏度值的差异在预测非标准交通流样本时对模型性能有重大影响。
更新日期:2020-03-25
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