The application of deicing agents often coincides with freeze–thaw (FT); however, the physiological effects of the sodium chloride deicing agent and concentrated calcium‐magnesium acetate (CMA) deicing agent on plants in the FT environment are not well investigated. To explore the physiological response characteristics of white clover seedlings under different kinds of deicing agents and FT stress, the changes in the content of total soluble protein, soluble sugar, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) of white clover seedlings were determined under the simulated stress of FT and deicing agent (DA). The results indicated that the soluble protein content in the white clover seedlings decreased, whereas the contents of MDA and soluble sugar, and the activities of SOD and POD increased under the FT stress. In the FT cycle, the content of soluble sugar under single FT stress, and the activities of SOD and POD of the three FT groups all showed a negative correlation with temperature. The MDA showed a significant correlation with other indicators, and the correlations among the other above physiological indexes were not significant (p < 0.05). The combined stress of FT + DA can cause increased plant damage, such as lipid peroxidation and osmotic potential imbalance. As an environmentally friendly DA, concentrated CMA was less harmful to plants than sodium chloride DA, but still brought damage to plants inevitably. Our results and corresponding discussion highlight the new findings on the effects of two kinds of deicing agents on plants under FT stress.

中文翻译：

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白三叶对冻融胁迫下氯盐和乙酸钙镁（CMA）除冰剂生理响应特性的比较研究

除冰剂的应用通常与冻融（FT）相吻合。但是，对于FT环境中的植物，氯化钠除冰剂和浓乙酸钙镁（CMA）除冰剂的生理作用尚未得到很好的研究。为了探讨白三叶幼苗在不同除冰剂和FT胁迫下的生理响应特性，研究了白三叶总可溶性蛋白，可溶性糖，丙二醛（MDA），超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化物酶（POD）含量的变化。在FT和除冰剂（DA）的模拟胁迫下确定三叶草幼苗。结果表明，在FT胁迫下，白三叶幼苗的可溶性蛋白质含量降低，MDA和可溶性糖含量升高，SOD和POD活性升高。在FT循环中，单个FT胁迫下可溶性糖的含量以及三个FT组的SOD和POD活性均与温度呈负相关。MDA与其他指标显示出显着相关性，而上述其他生理指标之间的相关性则不显着（p  ＜0.05）。FT + DA的综合胁迫会导致植物伤害增加，例如脂质过氧化和渗透势不平衡。作为一种环保型DA，浓缩的CMA对植物的危害不如氯化钠DA，但仍不可避免地对植物造成损害。我们的结果和相应的讨论突出了两种除冰剂对FT胁迫下植物的影响的新发现。