Anthracnose and grapevine leaf spot are the most important fungal diseases of fox grape in Brazil caused by Sphaceloma ampelinum and Pseudocercospora vitis, respectively. Severe attacks of either diseases can affect the yield in the current and subsequent years. Synthetic fungicides are recommended to control these pathogens in the field but may be harmful to the environment and human health over time and select for fungicide‐resistant pathogen populations. Among the new strategies for safe food production, free of pesticide residues, essential oils represent a promising tool to control plant pathogens. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the antifungal activity of the volatile compounds of 26 essential oils on germination of P. vitis and S. ampelinum and of their principal active compounds as bases for development of new technological products. The essential oils of Cinnamomum zeylanicum and Cymbopogon citratus were fungitoxic to P. vitis and S. ampelinum, in vapour and liquid phases, completely inhibiting spore germination. The main compounds found in the essential oils studied were citral, geraniol, eugenol and isoeugenol. All of these, in vapour and liquid phases, were toxic to P. vitis, completely inhibiting spore germination. Citral, in the vapour phase, and citral, eugenol and isoeugenol in the liquid phase, were toxic to S. ampelinum, completely inhibiting spore germination.

中文翻译：

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精油的化学成分作为控制两种葡萄病原体的基础：Sphaceloma ampelinum 和 Pseudocercopora vitis

炭疽病和葡萄叶斑病是巴西狐葡萄最重要的真菌病害，分别由 Sphaceloma ampelinum 和 Pseudocercospora vitis 引起。任何一种疾病的严重发作都会影响当前和随后几年的产量。建议使用合成杀菌剂在田间控制这些病原体，但随着时间的推移可能对环境和人类健康有害，并选择抗杀菌剂的病原体种群。在安全食品生产的新策略中，不含农​​药残留，精油是控制植物病原体的有前途的工具。本研究的目的是评估 26 种精油的挥发性化合物对葡萄球菌和葡萄球菌萌发的抗真菌活性。ampelinum 及其主要活性化合物作为开发新技术产品的基础。Cinnamomum zeylanicum 和 Cymbopogon citratus 的精油在气相和液相中对 P. vitis 和 S. ampelinum 具有真菌毒性，完全抑制孢子萌发。在研究的精油中发现的主要化合物是柠檬醛、香叶醇、丁香酚和异丁香酚。所有这些，在气相和液相中，对葡萄球菌都是有毒的，完全抑制孢子萌发。气相中的柠檬醛和液相中的柠檬醛、丁香酚和异丁香酚对 S. ampelinum 有毒，完全抑制孢子萌发。在研究的精油中发现的主要化合物是柠檬醛、香叶醇、丁香酚和异丁香酚。所有这些，在气相和液相中，对葡萄球菌都是有毒的，完全抑制孢子萌发。气相中的柠檬醛和液相中的柠檬醛、丁香酚和异丁香酚对 S. ampelinum 有毒，完全抑制孢子萌发。在研究的精油中发现的主要化合物是柠檬醛、香叶醇、丁香酚和异丁香酚。所有这些，在气相和液相中，对葡萄球菌都是有毒的，完全抑制孢子萌发。气相中的柠檬醛和液相中的柠檬醛、丁香酚和异丁香酚对 S. ampelinum 有毒，完全抑制孢子萌发。