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Evidence of targeted consumption of mosses by birds in sub-Antarctic South America
Austral Ecology ( IF 1.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-27 , DOI: 10.1111/aec.12858
Nicholas J. Russo 1 , Michael Robertson 2 , Roy MacKenzie 3, 4 , Bernard Goffinet 1 , Jaime E. Jiménez 2, 5, 6
Affiliation  

Bryophyte consumption is uncommon among bird species globally and is often presumed incidental. We sought to determine whether herbivorous bird species of the high Andes, including the white‐bellied seedsnipe (Attagis malouinus) and Chloephaga geese (C. picta and C. poliocephala), consume bryophytes, and if so, how frequently. We collected 26 seedsnipe and 22 goose droppings from alpine and sub‐alpine habitats of Navarino Island, Chile and examined their contents for bryophyte diaspores. We detected bryophyte fragments in 84.6% and 90.9% of seedsnipe and Chloephaga goose faecal samples, respectively. We also extracted DNA from three bryophyte fragments isolated from goose droppings and sequenced three chloroplast loci for each sample. We inferred through a barcoding analysis that at least one species of Chloephaga goose consumes Polytrichum strictum and Notoligotrichum trichodon. The composition of 11 collected goose droppings was >50% Polytrichaceae bryophyte fragments, suggesting that at least one Chloephaga goose species foraged deliberately on moss species of this family. These new observations suggest that bryophytes are part of the diet of some high Andean birds and that birds might disperse bryophytes internally – via endozoochory – in the sub‐Antarctic.

中文翻译:

南美洲亚南极地区鸟类有针对性地食用苔藓的证据

苔藓植物消费在全球鸟类中并不常见,通常被认为是偶然的。我们试图确定高安第斯山脉的食草鸟类,包括白腹鹬 (Attagis malouinus) 和 Chloephaga 鹅 (C. picta 和 C. poliocephala) 是否食用苔藓植物,如果是,则食用苔藓植物的频率。我们从智利纳瓦里诺岛的高山和亚高山栖息地收集了 26 份种子和 22 份鹅粪,并检查了其中的苔藓植物水散物。我们分别在 84.6% 和 90.9% 的seedsnipe 和Chloephaga 鹅粪便样本中检测到苔藓植物碎片。我们还从鹅粪中分离的三个苔藓植物片段中提取了 DNA,并对每个样本的三个叶绿体基因座进行了测序。我们通过条码分析推断,至少有一种 Chloephaga 鹅会食用 Polytrichum strictum 和 Notoligotrichum trichodon。收集到的 11 份鹅粪的成分是 >50% 的多毛科苔藓植物碎片,表明至少有一种 Chloephaga 鹅物种故意以该科的苔藓物种为食。这些新的观察结果表明苔藓植物是一些高安第斯鸟类饮食的一部分,鸟类可能会在亚南极地区通过动物体内传播苔藓植物。
更新日期:2020-01-27
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