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Distinct ecosystem types respond differentially to grazing exclosure
Austral Ecology ( IF 1.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-28 , DOI: 10.1111/aec.12870 Federico Gallego 1 , José M. Paruelo 1, 2, 3 , Santiago Baeza 4 , Alice Altesor 1
Austral Ecology ( IF 1.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-28 , DOI: 10.1111/aec.12870 Federico Gallego 1 , José M. Paruelo 1, 2, 3 , Santiago Baeza 4 , Alice Altesor 1
Affiliation
Here, we evaluate the ecosystem functioning and the ecosystems services supply of different vegetation types (grasslands, shrublands and woodlands) under contrasting management regimes by comparing a protected area with the surrounding landscape, which has been subjected to human disturbance in the Eastern Hills of Uruguay. We propose, based on functional attributes and vegetation physiognomy, a State and Transition Model for the dynamics of the grassland–woodland mosaic. We used remote sensing techniques to: (i) develop a land‐cover map of the study area based on supervised Landsat imagery classification, and (ii) compare attributes of the ecosystem functioning (productivity and seasonality) and service supply derived from the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) images provided by the moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensor. The land‐cover map showed that grasslands and shrublands were the most extensive land covers in the study area. These vegetation types presented higher productivity, seasonality and ecosystem service supply, outside the protected area than inside it. On the other hand, woodlands showed higher productivity, ecosystem service supply and lower seasonality inside the protected area than outside of it. Two axes represented the grassland–woodland mosaic dynamic: (i) the mean annual and (ii) the intra‐annual coefficient of variation of the NDVI. Our results highlight that conservation of grasslands, shrublands and woodlands require different management strategies based on particular disturbance regimes like moderate grazing and controlled burns. Moderate disturbances may help to preserve ecosystem services provisioning in grasslands and shrublands. On the contrary, woodland conservation requires a more rigorous regime of protection against disturbances.
中文翻译:
不同的生态系统类型对放牧地带的反应不同
在这里,我们通过对比在乌拉圭东部山丘上受到人类干扰的保护区和周围景观,在不同的管理制度下评估了不同植被类型(草地,灌木丛和林地)的生态系统功能和生态系统服务供应。我们基于功能属性和植被地貌,提出了草地-林地镶嵌动力学的状态和过渡模型。我们使用遥感技术来:(i)根据监督的Landsat影像分类,绘制研究区域的土地覆盖图,(ii)比较由中分辨率成像光谱仪(MODIS)传感器提供的归一化植被指数(NDVI)图像得出的生态系统功能(生产力和季节性)和服务供应的属性。土地覆盖图显示,草地和灌木丛是研究区域内最广泛的土地覆盖。与保护区内相比,这些植被类型在保护区外的生产力,季节性和生态系统服务供应更高。另一方面,与保护区外相比,保护区内的林地显示出更高的生产力,生态系统服务供应和较低的季节性。两个轴代表草地-林地的镶嵌动态:(i)年平均NDVI和(ii)年内NDVI的变异系数。我们的结果表明,草地保护,灌木丛和林地需要根据特定的干扰机制(例如中度放牧和可控制的烧伤)采取不同的管理策略。适度的干扰可能有助于保护草原和灌木丛中的生态系统服务。相反,林地保护要求采取更严格的保护制度以防干扰。
更新日期:2020-02-28
中文翻译:
不同的生态系统类型对放牧地带的反应不同
在这里,我们通过对比在乌拉圭东部山丘上受到人类干扰的保护区和周围景观,在不同的管理制度下评估了不同植被类型(草地,灌木丛和林地)的生态系统功能和生态系统服务供应。我们基于功能属性和植被地貌,提出了草地-林地镶嵌动力学的状态和过渡模型。我们使用遥感技术来:(i)根据监督的Landsat影像分类,绘制研究区域的土地覆盖图,(ii)比较由中分辨率成像光谱仪(MODIS)传感器提供的归一化植被指数(NDVI)图像得出的生态系统功能(生产力和季节性)和服务供应的属性。土地覆盖图显示,草地和灌木丛是研究区域内最广泛的土地覆盖。与保护区内相比,这些植被类型在保护区外的生产力,季节性和生态系统服务供应更高。另一方面,与保护区外相比,保护区内的林地显示出更高的生产力,生态系统服务供应和较低的季节性。两个轴代表草地-林地的镶嵌动态:(i)年平均NDVI和(ii)年内NDVI的变异系数。我们的结果表明,草地保护,灌木丛和林地需要根据特定的干扰机制(例如中度放牧和可控制的烧伤)采取不同的管理策略。适度的干扰可能有助于保护草原和灌木丛中的生态系统服务。相反,林地保护要求采取更严格的保护制度以防干扰。