ABSTRACT Bioceramic coatings with multifunctionality have emerged as an effective alternative to conventional coatings, owing to their combination of various properties that are essential for bio-implants, such as osseointegration and antibacterial character. In the present study, thin hopeite coatings were synthesised by radio frequency magnetron sputtering on TC4 substrates. The obtained hopeite coatings were thermally treated at 500°C in ambient air and characterised in terms of surface morphology, phase composition, surface roughness, adhesion strength, antibacterial efficacy, apatite forming ability, surface wettability and corrosion resistance by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Atomic Force Microscopy(AFM), Tensometer, Fluorescence-Activated Cell Sorting (FACS), Simulated Body Fluid (SBF) immersion, Contact Angle Goniometer and potentiostatic polarisation respectively. It was observed that the post-deposition annealing increases the crystallinity of the synthesised hopeite coatings. SEM analysis showed deposited particles are spherical in shape and small in dimensions (<1 μm in diameter). XRD results confirm the deposited coating is crystalline in nature. AFM analysis reveals deposited hopeite coating has an average surface roughness value of 8.66 nm. Tensile pullout experiments indicated that the adhesive strength of the hopeite coating is 21.75 ± 2.1 MPa. FACS study confirms the deposited hopeite coating possesses antibacterial character. SBF immersion experiments clearly demonstrate apatite growth on the surface of the deposited hopeite coating. The surface wettability test showed that the deposited coatings are hydrophobic in character having an average contact angle value of 136.65°. Potentiodynamic polarisation experiments in SBF showed a significant improvement in corrosion resistance (Rp = 7945.87 Ω cm2) of hopeite coated samples. In summary, it can be concluded that the new generation multifunctional hopeite coating synthesised by an alternative new process route of radio frequency magnetron sputtering on TC4 substrates is an effective alternative to conventional coatings. This is largely attributed to the strong osseointegration and antibacterial character of deposited hopeite coating ensuring the overall stability of metallic orthopaedic implants.

中文翻译：

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通过射频磁控溅射在 Ti6Al4V (TC4) 上进行新一代希望涂层用于假肢骨科植入物应用：合成和表征

摘要 多功能生物陶瓷涂层已成为传统涂层的有效替代品，因为它们结合了生物植入物所必需的各种特性，例如骨整合和抗菌特性。在本研究中，通过射频磁控溅射在 TC4 基材上合成薄的磷灰石涂层。所得磷灰石涂层在环境空气中 500°C 热处理，并通过扫描电子显微镜 (SEM) 表征表面形态、相组成、表面粗糙度、附着强度、抗菌功效、磷灰石形成能力、表面润湿性和耐腐蚀性, X 射线衍射 (XRD), 原子力显微镜 (AFM), 张力计, 荧光激活细胞分选 (FACS), 模拟体液 (SBF) 浸入, 分别是接触角测角仪和恒电位极化。据观察，沉积后退火增加了合成的磷灰石涂层的结晶度。SEM 分析显示沉积的颗粒形状为球形且尺寸小（直径<1 μm）。XRD 结果证实沉积的涂层本质上是结晶的。AFM 分析显示沉积的磷灰石涂层的平均表面粗糙度值为 8.66 nm。拉伸拉拔实验表明，希望涂层的粘合强度为21.75±2.1 MPa。FACS 研究证实沉积的希望涂层具有抗菌特性。SBF 浸入实验清楚地表明磷灰石在沉积的磷灰石涂层表面生长。表面润湿性测试表明，沉积的涂层具有疏水性，平均接触角值为136.65°。SBF 中的动电位极化实验表明，磷灰石涂层样品的耐腐蚀性能显着提高 (Rp = 7945.87 Ω cm2)。综上所述，可以得出结论，通过射频磁控溅射在TC4基板上的替代新工艺路线合成的新一代多功能磷灰石涂层是传统涂层的有效替代品。这在很大程度上归因于沉积的磷灰石涂层的强骨整合和抗菌特性，确保了金属骨科植入物的整体稳定性。SBF 中的动电位极化实验表明，磷灰石涂层样品的耐腐蚀性能显着提高 (Rp = 7945.87 Ω cm2)。综上所述，可以得出结论，通过射频磁控溅射在TC4基板上的替代新工艺路线合成的新一代多功能磷灰石涂层是传统涂层的有效替代品。这在很大程度上归因于沉积的磷灰石涂层的强骨整合和抗菌特性，确保了金属骨科植入物的整体稳定性。SBF 中的动电位极化实验表明，磷灰石涂层样品的耐腐蚀性能显着提高 (Rp = 7945.87 Ω cm2)。综上所述，可以得出结论，通过射频磁控溅射在TC4基板上的替代新工艺路线合成的新一代多功能磷灰石涂层是传统涂层的有效替代品。这主要归因于沉积的磷灰石涂层的强骨整合和抗菌特性，确保了金属骨科植入物的整体稳定性。可以得出结论，在TC4基体上采​​用射频磁控溅射的替代新工艺路线合成的新一代多功能hopite涂层是传统涂层的有效替代品。这在很大程度上归因于沉积的磷灰石涂层的强骨整合和抗菌特性，确保了金属骨科植入物的整体稳定性。可以得出结论，在TC4基体上采​​用射频磁控溅射的替代新工艺路线合成的新一代多功能hopite涂层是传统涂层的有效替代品。这在很大程度上归因于沉积的磷灰石涂层的强骨整合和抗菌特性，确保了金属骨科植入物的整体稳定性。