Abstract This study informs the restoration and development of salmonid fisheries and aquaculture facilities regarding water quality and light effects on hatching survival in spring channels. Brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis eggs were hatched in springs from karst and silica-clastic aquifers to determine whether survival was affected by water quality in differing geological areas. Nitrogen gas saturation (N2) was highest in karst springs and impacted survival, with a negative relationship between N2 and survival during hatching (> 110% N2 corresponded to 70.5% survival). A multiple regression model was developed to predict survival that included N2, acid neutralizing capacity (ANC), and light intensity (Light) following the equation: In a follow-up experiment, brook trout eggs were fertilized and hatched in hatching boxes in high and low levels of ultraviolet light (UV), fluorescent light, and complete darkness to test the effects of UV and light intensity on survival. Logistic regression was used to model the probability of mortality as a function of UV-B intensity. Results indicated freshly fertilized eggs were more severely impacted by light and UV than post-eyed eggs, and both UV and fluorescent light treatments experienced high mortality compared to the treatment in complete darkness. Karst springs with intermediate concentrations of calcium and increased ANC provide improved water quality for salmonids as compared to silica-clastic aquifers; however, high N2 can have negative effects on survival which, could be overcome by aeration within spring channels. Furthermore, using advanced aquaculture techniques, it may be possible to develop a brood stock that is resistant to the effects of N2. Effects of UV and light intensity pose additional challenges at early life stages for salmonids which, can be overcome by shading hatch boxes in the spring channel.

中文翻译：

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水化学和光对春季渠道孵化鲑鱼存活的影响

摘要 本研究为鲑鱼渔业和水产养殖设施的恢复和发展提供了有关水质和光照对泉水通道孵化存活率的影响。溪鳟鱼Salvelinus fontinalis 卵在来自岩溶和硅质碎屑含水层的泉水中孵化，以确定不同地质区域的水质是否会影响其生存。氮气饱和度 (N2) 在岩溶泉中最高并影响存活率，孵化期间 N2 与存活率呈负相关（> 110% N2 对应于 70.5% 存活率）。开发了一个多元回归模型来预测存活率，包括 N2、酸中和能力 (ANC) 和光强度 (Light)，遵循以下等式： 在后续实验中，将鳟鱼卵在孵化箱中在高低水平的紫外线 (UV)、荧光和完全黑暗中受精和孵化，以测试紫外线和光照强度对存活率的影响。Logistic 回归用于将死亡率概率建模为 UV-B 强度的函数。结果表明，新鲜受精的鸡蛋比后眼鸡蛋受光和紫外线的影响更严重，并且与完全黑暗的处理相比，紫外线和荧光灯处理的死亡率都很高。与硅质碎屑含水层相比，具有中等钙浓度和 ANC 增加的岩溶泉可为鲑鱼提供更好的水质；然而，高 N2 会对生存产生负面影响，这可以通过弹簧通道内的曝气来克服。此外，使用先进的水产养殖技术，有可能培育出抗 N2 影响的亲鱼。紫外线和光照强度的影响在鲑鱼的早期生命阶段提出了额外的挑战，可以通过在弹簧通道中遮蔽孵化箱来克服这些挑战。