ABSTRACT The present study aims to document modern pollen assemblages and compare them with the extant vegetation, through palynological analysis of 40 modern moss cushions, from the Akhnoor sector of Jammu District (Jammu and Kashmir), India. The study revealed that the pollen of Pinus sp. (average 62%) dominates the pollen assemblages. The over-representation of Pinus pollen could be attributed to its high pollen productivity and excellent pollen dispersal capacity. However, other conifers (needle-leaved taxa) as well as broad-leaved taxa, with a few exceptions, are either sporadically recorded or remain palynologically silent (present in the extant vegetation but absent in the recovered pollen assemblages). This discrepancy could be owing to their long-distance transport by wind and/or water from the upland areas/the higher reaches of the Himalaya. Tubuliflorae, Cerealia and other cultural pollen taxa, and Poaceae, are well to poorly represented in the pollen assemblages. The associates of sub-tropical deciduous forests are poorly represented in the pollen spectra because they are not wind pollinated nor are they high pollen producers. The extant vegetation of the sampling location in Akhnoor of Jammu province plays a pivotal role in the present study, which has important implications for the interpretation of vegetation dynamics and associated climate change during the Holocene on the Indian subcontinent.

中文翻译：

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印度查谟区（查谟和克什米尔）阿克努尔的表面花粉分布：对化石花粉记录解释的影响

摘要 本研究旨在通过对来自印度查谟区（查谟和克什米尔）的 Akhnoor 地区的 40 个现代苔藓垫进行孢粉学分析，记录现代花粉组合并将它们与现存植被进行比较。该研究表明，松属的花粉。(平均 62%) 在花粉组合中占主导地位。松树花粉的过度代表性可归因于其高花粉生产力和出色的花粉传播能力。然而，其他针叶树（针叶类群）和阔叶类群，除了少数例外，要么被零星记录，要么在孢粉学上保持沉默（存在于现存的植被中，但在恢复的花粉组合中不存在）。这种差异可能是由于它们通过风和/或水从高地地区/喜马拉雅山脉的上游进行长途运输。Tubuliflorae、Cerealia 和其他文化花粉分类群以及禾本科，在花粉组合中的代表性很低。亚热带落叶林的伙伴在花粉光谱中代表性不足，因为它们不是风授粉的，也不是高花粉生产者。查谟省阿克努尔采样点的现存植被在本研究中起着举足轻重的作用，这对印度次大陆全新世植被动态和相关气候变化的解释具有重要意义。亚热带落叶林的伙伴在花粉光谱中代表性不足，因为它们不是风授粉的，也不是高花粉生产者。查谟省阿克努尔采样点的现存植被在本研究中起着举足轻重的作用，这对印度次大陆全新世植被动态和相关气候变化的解释具有重要意义。亚热带落叶林的伙伴在花粉光谱中代表性不足，因为它们不是风授粉的，也不是高花粉生产者。查谟省阿克努尔采样点的现存植被在本研究中起着举足轻重的作用，这对印度次大陆全新世植被动态和相关气候变化的解释具有重要意义。