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Nerve stimulation for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea
Sleep and Biological Rhythms ( IF 1.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-08 , DOI: 10.1007/s41105-020-00252-2
Motoo Yamauchi , Makoto Satoh , Tadashi Kitahara , Ichiro Ota , Kingman Strohl

This review will trace the elements of neurostimulation for obstructive sleep apnea and details on its implementation, efficacy and safety, immediate clinical outcomes, and future prospects. The literature on upper airway neurostimulation was surveyed from July 2013 to July 2019, with a focus on the components of devices, evidence for clinical utility, and adverse events. Current technology is focused on the hypoglossal nerve stimulation (HNS). The most long-term experience is with the Inspire Medical System (Maple Grove, MN USA) which has both FDA and European regulatory approval. Given the inclusion criteria- BMI < 35 (ideally < 32), AHI 15–65/h, and a favorable anterior–posterior velopharyngeal collapse pattern on DISE, across many centers ~ 65% of patients who are intolerant to primary therapy achieve clinical success (AHI < 20/h with a reduction of < 50% in AHI), and more have symptomatic relief. Adverse events are generally mild, often self-limited, with occasional need for uncomplicated surgical adjustments or replacement of the implantable generator. Three other devices are in various phases of development, each with differences in nerve electrodes, implantable components, power sources, proprietary programming, and activation patterns. Hypoglossal nerve stimulation (HNS) is not considered a first-line treatment option. HNS therapy, however, should be considered as one alternative therapeutic option for patients meeting the inclusion criteria when more traditional therapeutic options have been considered.

中文翻译:

神经刺激治疗阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停

本综述将追踪阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停的神经刺激元素及其实施、有效性和安全性、直接临床结果和未来前景的详细信息。2013 年 7 月至 2019 年 7 月对上呼吸道神经刺激的文献进行了调查,重点是设备的组成部分、临床效用的证据和不良事件。当前的技术集中在舌下神经刺激(HNS)上。最长期的经验是与获得 FDA 和欧洲监管机构批准的 Inspire Medical System(美国明尼苏达州 Maple Grove)合作。鉴于纳入标准 - BMI < 35(理想情况下 < 32)、AHI 15-65/h 以及 DISE 上有利的前后腭咽塌陷模式,在许多中心,约 65% 对主要治疗不耐受的患者获得了临床成功(AHI < 20/h,AHI 降低 < 50%),更多症状缓解。不良事件通常是轻微的,通常是自限性的,偶尔需要简单的手术调整或更换植入式发生器。其他三种设备处于不同的开发阶段,每一种都在神经电极、可植入组件、电源、专有编程和激活模式方面存在差异。舌下神经刺激 (HNS) 不被视为一线治疗选择。然而,当考虑更传统的治疗选择时,HNS 治疗应被视为符合纳入标准的患者的一种替代治疗选择。偶尔需要简单的手术调整或更换植入式发生器。其他三种设备处于不同的开发阶段,每一种都在神经电极、可植入组件、电源、专有编程和激活模式方面存在差异。舌下神经刺激 (HNS) 不被视为一线治疗选择。然而,当考虑更传统的治疗选择时,HNS 治疗应被视为符合纳入标准的患者的一种替代治疗选择。偶尔需要简单的手术调整或更换植入式发生器。其他三种设备处于不同的开发阶段,每一种都在神经电极、可植入组件、电源、专有编程和激活模式方面存在差异。舌下神经刺激 (HNS) 不被视为一线治疗选择。然而,当考虑更传统的治疗选择时,HNS 治疗应被视为符合纳入标准的患者的一种替代治疗选择。舌下神经刺激 (HNS) 不被视为一线治疗选择。然而,当考虑更传统的治疗选择时,HNS 治疗应被视为符合纳入标准的患者的一种替代治疗选择。舌下神经刺激 (HNS) 不被视为一线治疗选择。然而,当考虑更传统的治疗选择时,HNS 治疗应被视为符合纳入标准的患者的一种替代治疗选择。
更新日期:2020-02-08
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