The concept of Compton-type free-electron lasers (FELs) operating in short wavelength ranges with a high efficiency and power level is currently underway at the IAP RAS (Nizhny Novgorod). This concept is aimed at reducing the energy of a driving relativistic electron beam and thereby increasing the efficiency of the electron–wave interaction in FELs, as well as making the oscillator relatively compact. The basis of this concept is microwave undulators of a new type—the so-called “flying” undulators. This paper is devoted to the results of the current studies of these undulators, their simulation, and “cold” electrodynamic tests in the Ka band. For powering microwave undulators, a spatially extended narrow-band ˇ Cerenkov surface-wave oscillators (SWOs) are developed in the specified frequency range driven by Sinus-6, a high-current accelerator, with a particle energy of 0.5 MeV, a current of 5 kA, and a pulse duration of 25 ns. The required sub-gigawatt power level of output radiation combined with a high stability of the narrow-band oscillation regime is achieved under conditions of a strongly oversized oscillator by using two-dimensional distributed feedback provided in a 2D doubly-periodic slow-wave structure. The design parameters of a 32 GHz/0.5 GW SWO intended for powering microwave undulators are presented and the results of its simulation and reported.

中文翻译：

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康普顿自由电子激光器泵浦系统：微波波荡器和电源

康普顿型自由电子激光器 (FEL) 的概念目前正在 IAP RAS（下诺夫哥罗德）进行，在短波长范围内以高效率和高功率运行。这一概念旨在降低驱动相对论电子束的能量，从而提高 FEL 中电子波相互作用的效率，并使振荡器相对紧凑。这个概念的基础是一种新型微波波荡器——所谓的“飞行​​”波荡器。本文致力于这些波荡器的当前研究结果、它们的模拟以及 Ka 波段中的“冷”电动力学测试。为了为微波波荡器供电，在指定频率范围内开发了空间扩展的窄带 ˇ Cerenkov 表面波振荡器 (SWO)，由高电流加速器 Sinus-6 驱动，粒子能量为 0.5 MeV，电流为 5 kA，脉冲持续时间为 25 ns。通过使用二维双周期慢波结构中提供的二维分布式反馈，在超大振荡器的条件下实现了所需的亚吉瓦输出辐射功率水平以及窄带振荡机制的高稳定性。介绍了用于为微波波荡器供电的 32 GHz/0.5 GW SWO 的设计参数及其模拟和报告结果。通过使用二维双周期慢波结构中提供的二维分布式反馈，在超大振荡器的条件下实现了所需的亚吉瓦输出辐射功率水平以及窄带振荡机制的高稳定性。介绍了用于为微波波荡器供电的 32 GHz/0.5 GW SWO 的设计参数及其模拟和报告结果。通过使用二维双周期慢波结构中提供的二维分布式反馈，在超大振荡器的条件下实现了所需的亚吉瓦输出辐射功率水平以及窄带振荡机制的高稳定性。介绍了用于为微波波荡器供电的 32 GHz/0.5 GW SWO 的设计参数及其模拟和报告结果。