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Evaluation of Biocontrol Potential of Seven Indigenous Trichoderma Species against Charcoal Rot Causing Fungus, Macrophomina phaseolina
Gesunde Pflanzen ( IF 3.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-15 , DOI: 10.1007/s10343-020-00501-x
Umer Iqbal , Tariq Mukhtar

Charcoal rot incited by Macrophomina phaseolina is one of the major diseases of green gram and black gram in Pakistan reducing yields up to 40%. As there are no long-term control strategies for this seed- and soil-borne pathogen, therefore, in the present study, seven indigenous species of Trichoderma were evaluated for their in vitro and in vivo effectiveness against M. phaseolina with the objective to identify alternatives to pernicious fungicides. All seven species of Trichoderma significantly retarded the growth of M. phaseolina in vitro. Maximum reduction (79.63%) was observed with T. harzianum followed by T. hamatum (76.3%) while T. pseudokoningii caused the minimum decrease (58.14%) in growth of the fungus. Similarly, Trichoderma species had significant effects on number and size of sclerotia. M. phaseolina produced the minimum number of sclerotia in the presence of T. hamatum followed by T. harzianum causing reductions of 69.5 and 66.84% over control, respectively. The maximum reduction in size of sclerotia was caused by T. harzianum. The maximum plant survival of green and black gram was obtained with T. harzianum followed by T. hamatum and T. viride. The maximum individual germination of 86.67% was achieved with T. harzianum at a concentration of 2 × 108 (propagules/ml), while the minimum (33.33%) was recorded with T. pseudokoningii at 2 × 104. Trichoderma concentrations also had significant effects on plant survival, being the maximum at the highest concentration. The plant survival decreased as the concentrations of the antagonists decreased showing a direct relationship between plant survival and concentrations.

中文翻译:

七个土著木霉属物种对木炭腐烂引起的菜青霉菌的生防潜力的评价

菜豆Macrophomina phaseolina)引发的木炭腐烂是巴基斯坦绿克和黑克的主要疾病之一,使单产降低了40%。由于没有针对这种由种子和土壤传播的病原体的长期控制策略,因此,在本研究中,评估了七个木霉属物种对菜豆分枝杆菌的体外体内功效,目的是鉴定有害杀菌剂的替代品。木霉菌的所有7种在体外均显着抑制了菜豆的生长。最大降低(79.63%)与观察到哈茨木霉,接着假单胞菌T. pseudokoningii)引起的T. hamatum(76.3%)引起了真菌生长的最小减少(58.14%)。同样,木霉菌种对菌核的数量和大小也有显着影响。M. phaseolina产生菌核的最小数目在存在T. hamatum随后哈茨木霉分别造成超过控制的69.5和66.84%的减少。菌核的最大减少是由哈茨木霉T. harzianum)引起的。哈茨木霉T. harzianum)哈姆木霉T. hamatum)紫草T. viride)。在浓度为2×10 8(传播/毫升)的哈茨木霉中,最大萌发率为86.67%,而在2×10 4时,假单胞菌记录的最低萌发率(33.33%)。木霉的浓度也对植物的存活有重要影响,最高浓度时最大。随着拮抗剂浓度的降低,植物存活率降低,表明植物存活率与浓度之间存在直接关系。
更新日期:2020-04-15
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