An intense effect of acoustic waves on the structure and shape of the burner flame was discovered by Rayleigh. The present paper deals with acoustic waves in the case of flame propagation in a tube. The flame emits acoustic waves generating the flow in the tube. Being actually a wave beam, the flow bounded by the walls experiences friction and also diffraction divergence, resulting in the emergence of secondary waves, i.e., waves of flow disturbances. They induce the formation of a cellular structure of the flame; at high velocities, the flame becomes turbulent. All these processes play important roles in the deflagration-to-detonation transition in tubes. Emission of acoustic waves by the flame is also responsible for the formation of spherical detonation. Spin and pulsed detonation can be interpreted on the same basis.

中文翻译：

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火焰传播和声学

Rayleigh 发现了声波对燃烧器火焰结构和形状的强烈影响。本论文涉及火焰在管中传播的情况下的声波。火焰发出声波，在管内产生流动。由于实际上是波束，以壁为界的流动会经历摩擦和衍射发散，从而导致出现二次波，即流动扰动波。它们诱导火焰的蜂窝结构的形成；在高速下，火焰变得湍流。所有这些过程在管内从爆燃到爆轰的转变中都起着重要作用。火焰发出的声波也是球形爆炸形成的原因。自旋和脉冲爆震可以在相同的基础上解释。