The characteristics of linear and nonlinear waves of ion temperature gradient mode in nonuniform electron-positron-ion magnetized plasma are investigated. A modified linear dispersion relation and its reduction in various limits are discussed. In nonlinear regime, ion temperature gradient mode–driven solitary and shock wave structures are obtained and discussed. It is found that corresponding peak potential and width of these nonlinear structures strongly depend on the positron number density and temperature. Our study reveals that in electron-positron-ion plasma, the ion energy transportation in laboratory as well as in astrophysical plasmas can be affected because of positrons.

中文翻译：

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电子-正电子-离子磁化等离子体中离子温度梯度模式驱动的孤立波和冲击波

研究了非均匀电子-正电子-离子磁化等离子体中离子温度梯度模式的线性波和非线性波的特性。讨论了改进的线性色散关系及其在各种限制中的减少。在非线性状态下，获得并讨论了离子温度梯度模式驱动的孤立和冲击波结构。发现这些非线性结构的相应峰电位和宽度强烈依赖于正电子数密度和温度。我们的研究表明，在电子-正电子-离子等离子体中，正电子会影响实验室和天体物理等离子体中的离子能量传输。