The Brazilian state of Acre has an extensive natural reserve of bamboo, making it one of the largest in loco gene banks. The aim of this study was to characterize the structure and genetic diversity of Guadua weberbaueri Pilg. in two populations, one native (FAPB) and the other anthropized (FAPBA), using ISSR markers. The results show that the FAPB population exhibited higher values for all estimates of population diversity. However, the FAPBA population also showed high heterozygosity, corroborated by estimated gene flow (Nm = 3.9) between the populations. The study of the association between Nei’s genetic distances and the geographic distances between the populations were significantly correlated (r = 0.45, p = 0.01), corroborated by the dendrogram revealing two distinct groups corresponding to the collection sites, without mixing classes between populations in the same group. As for the coancestry coefficient, pairs of individuals in the first distance class were positive and significant, indicating that plants that are geographically closer share common alleles with a frequency greater than by chance, which means that there is a tendency that geographically closer individuals are related. Individuals presented similar genetic structure when the geographical distance between them was up to 56 m for FAPB and up to 156 m for FAPBA. It was concluded that anthropized environments exhibit less genetic diversity than native environments, inferring risks for species conservation if appropriate and planned management techniques are not adopted.

巴西的英亩州拥有大量的天然竹子储藏，使之成为本地最大的本地基因库之一。这项研究的目的是表征瓜杜阿韦伯鲍里猪的结构和遗传多样性。使用ISSR标记，在两个种群中，一个是本地人（FAPB），另一个是人为人口（FAPBA）。结果表明，对于所有的人口多样性估计，FAPB人口都显示出较高的价值。但是，FAPBA群体也显示出高杂合性，这由群体之间的估计基因流量（Nm = 3.9）所证实。Nei遗传距离与种群之间地理距离之间的关联研究显着相关（r  = 0.45，p = 0.01），通过树状图得到证实，揭示出与收集位点相对应的两个不同的组，而同一组中的种群之间没有混合类别。至于coancestry系数，第一距离类的个体对为正且显着，这表明地理上较近的植物共享频率大于偶然的共同等位基因，这意味着存在地理上较近的个体相关的趋势。 。当个体之间的地理距离对于FAPB高达56 m，对于FAPBA高达156 m时，个体呈现出相似的遗传结构。结论是，与环境相比，人工环境的遗传多样性要少，如果不采取适当的计划性管理技术，就可能导致物种保护的风险。