Large carnivores elicit strong emotional reactions, which could influence consensus or social conflicts between persons promoting wildlife conservation and people who suffer from its negative consequences. Interventions to prevent carnivore attacks on domestic animals are intended to promote coexistence between people and carnivores, but could fail to mitigate fear and social conflicts if emotions and perspectives of intervention end users are not given careful consideration. We conducted focus group interviews with animal owners in Sweden and applied a framework of the appraisal theory of emotion to gain a nuanced understanding of their appraisal of intervention use. The analysis identified that appraisals occur at two different levels. The first process related to appraisals of carnivore presence and the second process related to appraisals of intervention use. The interventions can provide an opportunity to facilitate the animal owners’ coping with carnivore presence and thereby reduce their experienced anxiety of carnivore attacks. However, if animal owners are presented with interventions which they consider irrelevant, that have implications with which they cannot cope, or that are incongruent with the animal owners’ norms, then the promotion of interventions can also generate frustration and negative emotions. As such, interventions have the potential to either mitigate or undermine wildlife-related conflicts. In the wider context, taking the perspective of the individual becomes essential, and animal owners’ experiences and appraisals of intervention use must be acknowledged to allow development of social trust and empathetic dialog between stakeholders in the future.

中文翻译：

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动物主人对大型食肉动物的存在进行评估，并采取干预措施来防止食肉动物对瑞典家畜的袭击

大型食肉动物会引起强烈的情感反应，这可能会影响促进野生动植物保护的人们与遭受其负面影响的人们之间的共识或社会冲突。防止食肉动物对家畜的攻击的干预措施旨在促进人和食肉动物之间的共存，但如果不认真考虑最终用户的情绪和观点，可能无法减轻恐惧和社会冲突。我们与瑞典的动物饲养者进行了焦点小组访谈，并运用了情绪评估理论的框架，以使他们对他们对干预措施的评估有了细微的了解。分析确定评估发生在两个不同的级别。第一个过程与食肉动物的存在评估有关，第二个过程与干预措施的评估有关。干预措施可以提供一个机会，以促进动物主人应对食肉动物的存在，从而减少他们对食肉动物发作的焦虑。但是，如果向动物所有者提供他们认为不相关的干预措施，他们无法应对的影响或与动物所有者的规范不一致的干预措施，那么促进干预措施也会产生挫败感和负面情绪。因此，干预措施有可能缓解或破坏与野生动植物有关的冲突。在更广泛的背景下，以个人的观点变得至关重要，