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Surface- and volume-based investigation on influences of different Varestraint testing parameters and chemical compositions on solidification cracking in LTT filler metals
Welding in the World ( IF 2.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-27 , DOI: 10.1007/s40194-020-00895-2
Maximilian Thomas , Florian Vollert , Jens Weidemann , Jens Gibmeier , Arne Kromm , Thomas Kannengießer

The subject of this study is how, and to what extent, Varestraint/Transvarestraint test results are influenced by both testing parameters and characteristics of evaluation methods. Several different high-alloyed martensitic LTT (low transformation temperature) filler materials, CrNi and CrMn type, were selected for examination due to their rather distinctive solidification cracking behaviour, which aroused interest after previous studies. First, the effects of different process parameter sets on the solidification cracking response were measured using standard approaches. Subsequently, microfocus X-ray computer tomography (μCT) scans were performed on the specimens. The results consistently show sub-surface cracking to significant yet varying extents. Different primary solidification types were found using wavelength dispersive X-ray (WDX) analysis conducted on filler metals with varying Cr/Ni equivalent ratios. This aspect is regarded as the main difference between the CrNi- and CrMn-type materials in matters of cracking characteristics. Results show that when it comes to testing of modern high-performance alloys, one set of standard Varestraint testing parameters might not be equally suitable for all materials. Also, to properly accommodate different solidification types, sub-surface cracking has to be taken into account.

中文翻译:

基于表面和体积的研究,研究了不同的Varestraint测试参数和化学成分对LTT填充金属中凝固裂纹的影响

本研究的主题是Varestraint / Transvarestraint测试结果如何以及在多大程度上受测试参数和评估方法特性的影响。几种不同的高合金马氏体LTT(低转变温度)填充材料CrNi和CrMn类型因其独特的凝固裂纹行为而被选择进行检查,这引起了先前研究的兴趣。首先,使用标准方法测量了不同工艺参数集对凝固裂化反应的影响。随后,对标本进行了微焦点X射线计算机断层扫描(μCT)扫描。结果一致地显示出表面下的裂纹在相当大的程度上变化。使用对具有不同Cr / Ni当量比的填充金属进行的波长色散X射线(WDX)分析,发现了不同的一次凝固类型。在裂纹特性方面,这方面被认为是CrNi型和CrMn型材料之间的主要区别。结果表明,在测试现代高性能合金时,一组标准Varestraint测试参数可能并不同样适用于所有材料。另外,为了适当地容纳不同的固化类型,必须考虑表面下裂纹。一组标准的Varestraint测试参数可能并不同样适用于所有材料。另外,为了适当地容纳不同的固化类型,必须考虑表面下裂纹。一组标准的Varestraint测试参数可能并不同样适用于所有材料。另外,为了适当地容纳不同的固化类型,必须考虑表面下裂纹。
更新日期:2020-03-27
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