Food preference has been studied in a range of Hominoidea in the wild and in captivity, allowing for interspecific comparisons. Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) prefer low-fibre, high-sugar foods, suggesting that frugivory and their dietary overlap are a result of their shared preference for the same nutrients. Comparable tests of the nutritional preference of bonobos do not exist. In this study we examined food preferences of five captive bonobos for 23 familiar and ten novel food items. We performed paired-choice food tests, resulting in a clear rank order in food preference, with minor individual differences. Fruits were more preferred than vegetables. We correlated nutritional composition of the food items with the bonobos’ preference. We found that preferences for familiar food items were positively correlated with total energy and carbohydrate content and negatively correlated with water and micronutrient (sodium, calcium, phosphorus, iron, zinc, manganese, selenium) content. Food preference for the novel food items also showed a significant positive correlation with total energy and carbohydrate content. Our study supports the idea that food preference among bonobos follows the pattern of the other great apes and that the shared frugivorous diets may be the result of a common preference for the same nutrients. In the wild, these preferences may be less clear due to the interference of preferred nutrients with secondary compounds. Combining food preference data and nutritional information can help in providing a healthy diet with a balanced nutrient composition in captivity. Individual food preferences can help in optimizing food choice for positive reinforcement training and food-related tasks in future research.

中文翻译：

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圈养倭黑猩猩（Pan paniscus）的食物偏好和营养成分

已经在野生和圈养的一系列人科动物中研究了食物偏好，允许进行种间比较。黑猩猩（Pan troglodytes）和大猩猩（Gorilla gorilla gorilla）更喜欢低纤维、高糖的食物，这表明食果和它们的饮食重叠是它们对相同营养素的共同偏好的结果。倭黑猩猩的营养偏好没有可比的测试。在这项研究中，我们检查了 5 只圈养倭黑猩猩对 23 种熟悉食物和 10 种新食物的食物偏好。我们进行了配对选择食物测试，结果在食物偏好方面有明确的排名顺序，个体差异很小。水果比蔬菜更受欢迎。我们将食物的营养成分与倭黑猩猩的偏好相关联。我们发现对熟悉食物的偏好与总能量和碳水化合物含量呈正相关，与水和微量营养素（钠、钙、磷、铁、锌、锰、硒）含量呈负相关。对新型食物的食物偏好也与总能量和碳水化合物含量呈显着正相关。我们的研究支持这样一种观点，即倭黑猩猩的食物偏好遵循其他类人猿的模式，并且共享食果饮食可能是对相同营养素的共同偏好的结果。在野外，由于首选营养素与次生化合物的干扰，这些偏好可能不太清楚。结合食物偏好数据和营养信息有助于在圈养环境中提供营养成分均衡的健康饮食。