The Hungarian pear gene bank, located and founded in Keszthely in 1981, contains 210 pear cultivars including regional cultivars, cultivars of foreign origin and standard commercial cultivars. There are some cultivars with synonym names in the pear gene bank and in other pear growing areas within the Hungary. The aim of our work was to systematically analyse the genotypes of Hungarian cultivars in the pear gene bank and to set up a robust protocol for molecular identification and the interpretation of data. Eighty-eight cultivars were analysed employing eight SSR primers resulting in a total of 216 alleles. Seventy-seven cultivars were thoroughly analysed. Among the samples 29 were considered to be diploids and 59 triploids. A genetic diversity analysis was computed based on a Neighbour-Joining algorithm and combined with a PCA indicating close genetic relationship and an overall high amount of genetic diversity among the samples tested. Similarities and very close relations were verified in our studies between different pear cultivar variants: 'Korai szagos' A and B, which were planted with the same name in the gene bank. Six different 'Császár körte' and three 'Köcsög körte' cultivars were compared. It was important to establish how close their relationship was. Some cultivars originating from the same regions were compared. The 'Mezőkövesdi 2′ and '3′ are in the same main branch, however their distance is larger, the number of common alleles is less than those of the two 'Erdélyi körte' cultivars.

匈牙利梨基因库成立于1981年，位于凯斯特海伊（Keszthely），拥有210个梨品种，包括地方品种，外来品种和标准商业品种。在匈牙利的梨基因库和其他梨种植区中，有一些品种的同义词。我们的工作目的是系统地分析梨基因库中匈牙利品种的基因型，并建立一个可靠的协议进行分子鉴定和数据解释。使用八种SSR引物分析了88个品种，共产生216个等位基因。彻底分析了77个品种。在这些样本中，有29个被认为是二倍体，而59个是三倍体。遗传多样性分析是基于Neighbour-Joining算法计算的，并与PCA相结合，表明测试样本之间的亲密遗传关系和总体较高的遗传多样性。在我们的研究中，不同梨栽培变种“ Korai szagos” A和B之间的相似性和非常紧密的关系得到了证实，它们在基因库中以相同的名称种植。比较了六个不同的'Császárkörte'和三个'Köcsögkörte'品种。确定他们之间的亲密关系非常重要。比较了一些来自相同地区的品种。'Mezőkövesdi2'和'3'在同一主分支中，但是它们的距离较大，常见等位基因的数量少于两个'Erdélyikörte'品种的等位基因。