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Waring’s Theorem for Binary Powers
Combinatorica ( IF 1.1 ) Pub Date : 2019-10-29 , DOI: 10.1007/s00493-019-3933-3
Daniel M. Kane , Carlo Sanna , Jeffrey Shallit

A natural number is a binary $k$'th power if its binary representation consists of $k$ consecutive identical blocks. We prove an analogue of Waring's theorem for sums of binary $k$'th powers. More precisely, we show that for each integer $k \geq 2$, there exists a positive integer $W(k)$ such that every sufficiently large multiple of $E_k := \gcd(2^k - 1, k)$ is the sum of at most $W(k)$ binary $k$'th powers. (The hypothesis of being a multiple of $E_k$ cannot be omitted, since we show that the $\gcd$ of the binary $k$'th powers is $E_k$.) Also, we explain how our results can be extended to arbitrary integer bases $b > 2$.

中文翻译:

二元幂的 Waring 定理

如果一个自然数的二进制表示由 $k$ 个连续的相同块组成,则它是一个二进制 $k$ 次幂。我们证明了二元 $k$'th 次幂之和的 Waring 定理的类似物。更准确地说,我们证明对于每个整数 $k \geq 2$,都存在一个正整数 $W(k)$,使得 $E_k := \gcd(2^k - 1, k)$ 的每个足够大的倍数是至多 $W(k)$ 二元 $k$'th 次幂的总和。(作为 $E_k$ 倍数的假设不能省略,因为我们证明了二进制 $k$'th 次幂的 $\gcd$ 是 $E_k$。)此外,我们还解释了如何将我们的结果扩展到任意整数基 $b > 2$。
更新日期:2019-10-29
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