Closed Loop medical devices such as Closed Loop Deep Brain Stimulation (CL-DBS) and Brain Computer Interface (BCI) are some of the emerging neurotechnologies. New generations of implantable brain–computer interfaces have recently gained success in human clinical trials. These implants detect specific neuronal patterns and provide the subject with information to respond to these patterns. Further, Closed Loop brain devices give control to the subject so that he can respond and decide on a therapeutic goal. Although the implants have improved subjects’ quality of life, their use has raised varied ethical concerns. The aim of this study is to provide an overview of the ethical implications specific to the therapeutic goals of closed loop brain implants. The authors analyze the related work qualitatively and quantitatively so as to help readers in understanding the various ethical implications of closed loop brain implants.

中文翻译：

---

闭环大脑装置的伦理意义：10 年回顾

闭环深部脑刺激 (CL-DBS) 和脑机接口 (BCI) 等闭环医疗设备是一些新兴的神经技术。新一代植入式脑机接口最近在人体临床试验中取得了成功。这些植入物检测特定的神经元模式并为受试者提供信息以响应这些模式。此外，闭环大脑设备可以控制受试者，以便他可以做出反应并决定治疗目标。尽管植入物改善了受试者的生活质量，但它们的使用引发了各种伦理问题。本研究的目的是概述特定于闭环脑植入治疗目标的伦理意义。