To tackle zoonotic disease threats, a One Health approach is currently commonplace and generally understood as an integrated effort of multiple disciplines to promote the health of humans, animals and the environment. To implement One Health strategies in zoonotic disease control, many countries set up early warning systems, in which human and veterinary health professionals cooperate. These systems, like the Dutch Zoonoses Structure, can be successful to detect emerging disease threats. However, these systems are not well equipped to handle moral dilemmas that can arise in zoonotic disease control, like the culling of healthy animals. This research studies the role of normative presuppositions of professionals involved in zoonotic disease control policies in the Netherlands. We found that these professionals in general adhered to a holistic view of the One Health concept, however, in practice an anthropocentric approach was dominant. Public health was identified as the trumping moral value, which reveals an inherent field of tension with the core of One Health thinking. The lack of ethical expertise in control systems for zoonotic diseases can lead to misconception of ethical principles, like the precautionary principle which is frequently evoked to justify disease control measures.

中文翻译：

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人畜共患病控制中的伦理决策

为应对人畜共患病威胁，一种健康方法目前很普遍，通常被理解为多学科的综合努力，以促进人类、动物和环境的健康。为了在人畜共患病控制中实施 One Health 战略，许多国家建立了人类和兽医卫生专业人员合作的早期预警系统。这些系统，如荷兰人畜共患病结构，可以成功检测新出现的疾病威胁。然而，这些系统并不能很好地处理人畜共患病控制中可能出现的道德困境，例如扑杀健康动物。本研究研究了参与荷兰人畜共患病控制政策的专业人员的规范预设的作用。我们发现这些专业人士总体上坚持一个健康概念的整体观点，然而，在实践中，以人类为中心的方法占主导地位。公共卫生被确定为压倒性的道德价值，它揭示了与 One Health 思想核心的内在张力。人畜共患病控制系统缺乏伦理专业知识可能导致对伦理原则的误解，例如预防原则经常被用来证明疾病控制措施的合理性。