Phenolic compounds, which are present in considerable amounts in industrial wastewater, are toxic, even at low concentrations. Most bacteria used in conventional treatment methods for the removal of phenolics are pathogenic, and their biomass does not have an evident commercial value. We evaluated the usability of microalgae for the removal of phenolic compounds from simulated wastewater and as a sustainable oil source for biodiesel production with the aim to render microalgae cultivation more economically attractive. Freshwater and marine microalgae species, Chlorella sp. and Tetraselmis sp., were used to remove phenol, 4-nitrophenol, and 2,4-dinitrophenol, which are commonly found in refinery wastewater. The effect of initial phenolics concentrations on biomass growth and phenolics removal was evaluated and kinetics models were developed to describe the systems. Freshwater Chlorella sp . was grown in a pilot-scale open pond with optimum phenolics concentrations, and oil extracted from the harvested biomass was used to produce biodiesel using an in-house heterogeneous alkaline catalyst. The effects of catalyst amount, methanol:oil molar ratio, and reaction temperature on biodiesel production were determined after 4 h of reaction. The experimental data were used to determine the kinetics parameters of the reaction, and to develop a second-order interactive model that was used to determine the significance of the above parameters and to optimize the process. The optimum conditions were found to be a catalyst wt% of 7.7, methanol:oil molar ratio of 12, and temperature of 45 °C, at which the biodiesel after 4 h was 30.4%. Removal of phenolics from wastewater is challenging Phenolics removal by microalgae produces biomass of economic value Freshwater and marine microalgal strains were successful in removing phenolics Harvested microalgae were used to extract oils for biodiesel production

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使用微藻同时处理工业废水和生产生物柴油

工业废水中大量存在的酚类化合物即使在低浓度下也是有毒的。用于去除酚类物质的常规处理方法中使用的大多数细菌都是致病菌，它们的生物量没有明显的商业价值。我们评估了微藻从模拟废水中去除酚类化合物以及作为生物柴油生产的可持续油源的可用性，目的是使微藻培养更具经济吸引力。淡水和海洋微藻物种，小球藻。和 Tetraselmis sp.，用于去除炼油厂废水中常见的苯酚、4-硝基苯酚和 2,4-二硝基苯酚。评估了初始酚类物质浓度对生物质生长和酚类物质去除的影响，并开发了动力学模型来描述系统。淡水小球藻属。在具有最佳酚类浓度的中试规模开放池塘中生长，从收获的生物质中提取的油用于使用内部多相碱性催化剂生产生物柴油。反应4小时后测定催化剂用量、甲醇:油摩尔比和反应温度对生物柴油产量的影响。实验数据用于确定反应动力学参数，并开发用于确定上述参数的显着性和优化工艺的二阶交互模型。发现最佳条件是催化剂重量百分比为 7.7，甲醇：油摩尔比为 12，温度为 45°C，4 小时后生物柴油为 30.4%。从废水中去除酚类物质具有挑战性 微藻去除酚类物质产生具有经济价值的生物质 淡水和海洋微藻菌株成功去除酚类物质 收获的微藻用于提取油以生产生物柴油