Opacity is an important property in control of information flow among networked agents. In this paper, we investigate information control problems in networked discrete event systems using opacity. In a networked discrete event system, communication among agents is via a shared communication network. Since delays and losses are unavoidable in networked discrete event systems, they must be considered in investigating opacity. We call opacity under communication delays and losses network opacity. We first define three network opacities: strong network opacity, weak network opacity, and network non-opacity. We derive necessary and sufficient conditions for network opacities and develop methods to check network opacities. We then apply network opacity to solve a problem in battery management systems.

中文翻译：

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网络离散事件系统中的信息控制及其在电池管理系统中的应用

不透明度是控制网络代理之间信息流的重要属性。在本文中，我们使用不透明度研究网络离散事件系统中的信息控制问题。在网络化离散事件系统中，代理之间的通信是通过共享通信网络进行的。由于在网络离散事件系统中延迟和损失是不可避免的，因此在调查不透明度时必须考虑到它们。我们称通信延迟和损失网络不透明下的不透明。我们首先定义三种网络不透明度：强网络不透明度、弱网络不透明度和网络非不透明度。我们推导出网络不透明度的充分必要条件，并开发检查网络不透明度的方法。然后我们应用网络不透明度来解决电池管理系统中的问题。