Thirty four Trichoderma isolates were systematically screened for induction of systemic resistance in grapevines against powdery mildew disease. Trichoderma 5R, NAIMCC-F-01769, NAIMCC-F-01812 and NAIMCC-F-01951 were selected for field trials based on initial screening on potted plants. All the four isolates tested positive for production of plant growth promoting bio-chemicals, indole acetic acid, siderophore, ammonia, hydrogen cyanide and phosphate solubilization and produced chitinase, β-1,3-glucanase, cellulase, amylase and protease. These four isolates were compatible with each other and were tested singly or as mixtures. In the three grapevine field trials conducted during the fruiting growth phase 2015–16 and 2016–17 and the vegetative growth phase 2016, the maximum reduction in powdery mildew severity was found in vines treated with 5R + NAIMCC-F-01812, followed by vines treated with 5R alone showing that the efficacy of 5R was slightly enhanced when used along with NAIMCC-F-01812. Total phenol contents, and chitinase and β-1, 3-glucanase activities were highest in leaves of vines treated with 5R + F-01812 corroborating the field observations. The peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase activities were also high in leaves of vines under this treatment. Multilocus analysis using partial nucleotide sequences of act, rpb2 and tef1 genes showed phylogenetic affiliations of all four isolates to T. asperelloides.

中文翻译：

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曲霉木霉菌株诱导葡萄树对白粉病的系统抗性

系统地筛选了 34 株木霉属分离株，以诱导葡萄藤对白粉病的系统抗性。基于对盆栽植物的初步筛选，选择木霉 5R、NAIMCC-F-01769、NAIMCC-F-01812 和 NAIMCC-F-01951 进行田间试验。所有四种分离株的植物生长促进生化物质、吲哚乙酸、铁载体、氨、氰化氢和磷酸盐溶解的产生均呈阳性，并产生几丁质酶、β-1,3-葡聚糖酶、纤维素酶、淀粉酶和蛋白酶。这四种分离物彼此相容，并单独或作为混合物进行测试。在 2015-16 年和 2016-17 年结果生长期和 2016 年营养生长期进行的三项葡萄田试验中，在用 5R + NAIMCC-F-01812 处理的葡萄树中发现白粉病严重程度的最大降低，其次是单独用 5R 处理的葡萄树，表明当与 NAIMCC-F-01812 一起使用时，5R 的功效略有增强。总酚含量、几丁质酶和 β-1、3-葡聚糖酶活性在用 5R + F-01812 处理的葡萄藤叶片中最高，证实了现场观察结果。在这种处理下，葡萄藤的叶子中的过氧化物酶和多酚氧化酶活性也很高。使用部分核苷酸序列的行为、rpb2 和 tef1 基因的多位点分析显示所有四个分离株与 T. asperelloides 的系统发育从属关系。3-葡聚糖酶活性在用 5R + F-01812 处理的葡萄藤叶片中最高，这证实了田间观察。在这种处理下，葡萄藤的叶子中的过氧化物酶和多酚氧化酶活性也很高。使用部分核苷酸序列的行为、rpb2 和 tef1 基因的多位点分析显示所有四个分离株与 T. asperelloides 的系统发育从属关系。3-葡聚糖酶活性在用 5R + F-01812 处理的葡萄藤叶片中最高，这证实了田间观察。在这种处理下，葡萄藤的叶子中的过氧化物酶和多酚氧化酶活性也很高。使用部分核苷酸序列的行为、rpb2 和 tef1 基因的多位点分析显示所有四个分离株与 T. asperelloides 的系统发育从属关系。