当前位置: X-MOL 学术Int. J. Sports Sci. Coaching › 论文详情
Our official English website, www.x-mol.net, welcomes your feedback! (Note: you will need to create a separate account there.)
Differences in ground reaction waveforms between elite senior and junior academy sprinters during the block phase and first two steps
International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching ( IF 2.029 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-13 , DOI: 10.1177/1747954120917537
Philip Graham-Smith 1 , Steffi L Colyer 2, 3 , Aki IT Salo 2, 3, 4
Affiliation  

The block start and initial steps following block exit are fundamental aspects of sprinting and their development is key to junior athletes’ progression. This study assessed the difference in force production between elite senior (including two sub-10 s 100-m sprinters) and junior academy sprinters during the block phase and the first two steps of a sprint. Thirty-seven male sprinters (17 senior, 20 junior) performed a series of maximal effort 20–40 m acceleration from blocks on an indoor track, with the ground reaction forces produced during the block phase and first two steps measured using force platforms. Senior athletes produced better block-phase performances (average horizontal external power; 15.52 ± 1.48 W/kg, M ± SD) compared with the juniors (12.37 ± 2.21 W/kg; effect size ± 90% confidence interval = 1.28 ± 0.38). However, force production during the initial two steps was comparable across groups. Specifically, senior athletes exhibited higher relative force production and ratio of forces during the early (∼15–35%) block phase and higher anteroposterior forces during the transition from bilateral to unilateral pushing (58–62% of the block phase). Front foot force production was also found to differentiate senior and junior groups at rear block exit (∼55% of the block phase). This may be a required response to the greater centre of mass displacement in order to prevent over-rotation in the senior athletes during the front block pushing phase. Collectively, these results indicate that the progression of junior athletes is non-uniform across the block phase and subsequent two contacts, which should be considered when attempting to progress junior athletes towards senior ranks.

中文翻译:

精英高级和初级学院短跑运动员在阻滞阶段和前两个步骤中地面反应波形的差异

挡道开始和出挡后的初始步骤是短跑的基本方面,它们的发展是初级运动员进步的关键。本研究评估了精英高级(包括两名 10 秒 100 米以下的短跑运动员)和初级学院短跑运动员在短跑阶段和前两步的力量产出差异。37 名男性短跑运动员(17 名高级运动员,20 名初级运动员)在室内跑道上的障碍物上进行了一系列最大努力 20-40 m 的加速,在障碍物阶段产生的地面反作用力和使用力平台测量的前两个步骤。与青少年 (12.37 ± 2.21 W/kg;效应大小 ± 90% 置信区间 = 1.28 ± 0.38) 相比,高级运动员产生了更好的阻滞期表现(平均水平外部功率;15.52 ± 1.48 W/kg,M ± SD)。然而,在最初的两个步骤中产生的力量在各组之间具有可比性。具体而言,老年运动员在早期(~15-35%)阻滞阶段表现出更高的相对发力和力量比,在从双侧推向单侧推动(阻滞阶段的 58-62%)过渡期间表现出更高的前后力。还发现前脚力量的产生在后挡块出口(挡块阶段的~55%)区分了高级和初级组。这可能是对更大的质心位移的必要反应,以防止高级运动员在前部推车阶段过度旋转。总的来说,这些结果表明,在阻滞阶段和随后的两次接触中,初级运动员的进步是不均匀的,
更新日期:2020-04-13
down
wechat
bug