This study examined the differences in the bench press one-repetition maximum obtained by three different methods (direct method, lifts-to-failure method, and two-point method). Twenty young men were tested in four different sessions. A single grip width (close, medium, wide, or self-selected) was randomly used on each session. Each session consisted of an incremental loading test until reaching the one-repetition maximum, followed by a single set of lifts-to-failure against the 75% one-repetition maximum load. The last load lifted during the incremental loading test was considered the actual one-repetition maximum (direct method). The one-repetition maximum was also predicted using the Mayhew’s equation (lifts-to-failure method) and the individual load–velocity relationship modeled from two data points (two-point method). The actual one-repetition maximum was underestimated by the lifts-to-failure method (range: 1–2 kg) and overestimated by the two-point method (range: –3 to –1 kg), being these differences accentuated using closer grip widths. All predicted one-repetition maximums were practically perfectly correlated with the actual one-repetition maximum (r ≥ 0.95; standard error of the estimate ≤ 4 kg). The one-repetition maximum was higher using the medium grip width (83 ± 3 kg) compared to the close (80 ± 3 kg) and wide (79 ± 3 kg) grip widths (P ≤ 0.025), while no significant differences were observed between the medium and self-selected (81 ± 3 kg) grip widths (P = 1.000). In conclusion, although both the Mayhew’s equation and the two-point method are able to predict the actual one-repetition maximum with an acceptable precision, the differences between the actual and predicted one-repetition maximums seem to increase when using close grip widths.

中文翻译：

---

通过不同程序获得的卧推单次最大次数的比较：直接评估 vs. 提升到失败方程 vs. 两点法

本研究检查了通过三种不同方法（直接法、提升到失败法和两点法）获得的卧推单次重复最大值的差异。二十个年轻人在四个不同的阶段接受了测试。每次训练都随机使用一个单一的握把宽度（近、中、宽或自选）。每个会话都包括一个增量加载测试，直到达到一次重复的最大值，然后是针对 75% 一次重复的最大负载进行单组提升至失败。在增量加载测试期间提升的最后一个负载被认为是实际的一次重复最大值（直接方法）。还使用 Mayhew 方程（提升到故障方法）和从两个数据点建模的单个负载-速度关系（两点方法）预测了一次重复的最大值。实际一次重复的最大值被提升到失败方法（范围：1-2 kg）低估，而被两点方法（范围：–3 到 –1 kg）高估，因为使用更紧密的抓地力会加剧这些差异宽度。所有预测的一次重复最大值实际上与实际的一次重复最大值完全相关（r ≥ 0.95；估计的标准误差≤ 4 kg）。与近距离 (80 ± 3 kg) 和宽 (79 ± 3 kg) 握距 (P ≤ 0.025) 相比，使用中等握距 (83 ± 3 kg) 的一次重复最大值更高，但没有观察到显着差异介于中等和自选 (81 ± 3 kg) 握把宽度之间 (P = 1.000)。总之，虽然 Mayhew 方程和两点法都能够以可接受的精度预测实际的一次重复最大值，