Indium tin oxide nanocolumns array (ITO-NCs-A), a typical epsilon-near-zero material, was prepared by chemical vapor deposition method. Due to the strong third-order optical nonlinearity and large refractive index change of the ITO-NCs-A at ∼1.06 μ m, we used it as a passively Q-switched device and obtained a stable 1.06 μ m Nd:BGO pulsed laser for the first time, to the best of our knowledge. The maximum average output power is 152 mW, the maximum repetition rate is 126.1 kHz, the shortest pulse width is 579.6 ns, and the corresponding single pulse energy and pulse peak power are 1.21 μ J and 2.08 W, respectively. This work indicates that ITO-NCs-A has promising applications in ultrafast photonics and is expected to provide a more reliable solution for optical modulators in pulsed lasers.

中文翻译：

---

厄普斯隆近零铟锡氧化物纳米柱阵列作为Nd：BGO激光器的可饱和吸收剂

采用化学气相沉积法制备了典型的ε-近零材料-铟锡氧化物纳米柱阵列（ITO-NCs-A）。由于ITO-NCs-A的强三阶光学非线性和大的折射率变化在约1.06μm处，我们将其用作无源Q开关器件，并获得了稳定的1.06μm Nd：BGO脉冲激光器用于第一次，就我们所知。最大平均输出功率为152 mW，最大重复频率为126.1 kHz，最短脉冲宽度为579.6 ns，相应的单脉冲能量和脉冲峰值功率分别为1.21μJ和2.08W。这项工作表明，ITO-NCs-A在超快光子学中具有广阔的应用前景，有望为脉冲激光器中的光学调制器提供更可靠的解决方案。