We fabricated a highly water-repellent quartz nanopillar (NP) structure to investigate the effect of varying the contact angle (CA) by using 10-nm-order gaps and 10-nm-diameter NPs. Gaps from 15 to 30 nm led to CAs of more than 100°, showing hydrophobicity, to a maximum of 105°. The mechanism of repelling water on quartz could be explained by the Cassie-Baxter model with a filling factor. A gap of more than 30 nm fills with water due to capillarity, but a gap of less than 30 nm causes water to be repelled by air. We were able to repeatedly fabricate a quartz NP structure with a controllable gap by using a combination of a bio-template and neutral-beam etching and found this structure to be highly water-repellent. The structure has high durability and optical transparency. As a result, we conclude that it can be used in sensors and lenses on various devices such as cameras and radars.

中文翻译：

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基于具有填充因子的Cassie-Baxter模型的石英表面高度疏水性纳米结构

我们制造了一种高度憎水的石英纳米柱（NP）结构，以研究使用10 nm阶间隙和10 nm直径NP改变接触角（CA）的影响。15至30 nm的间隙导致CAs大于100°，显示出疏水性，最大为105°。石英上拒水的机理可以用具有填充因子的Cassie-Baxter模型来解释。大于30nm的间隙由于毛细作用而被水填充，但是小于30nm的间隙导致水被空气排斥。通过结合使用生物模板和中性束蚀刻，我们能够重复制造具有可控制间隙的石英NP结构，并发现该结构具有高度的防水性。该结构具有高耐久性和光学透明性。结果是，