Fine (PM_fine) and coarse (PM_coarse) particulate matter concentrations and elemental compositions were investigated inside trams during travelling in heating and non-heating seasons. New CAF and older KCSV tramcars were involved in the study. The results obtained for the trams were compared with the outside air quality measured at a nearby urban background site. The coarse (particles with aerodynamic diameter larger than 2.5 µm) and the fine (particles with aerodynamic diameter smaller than 2.5 µm) mass concentrations were determined by gravimetric method. The elemental analysis of the collected samples was carried out by particle induced X-ray emission (PIXE) method at the Institute for Nuclear Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA-Atomki) Debrecen, Hungary. The mass concentrations inside the vehicles were 5–20 times higher than in the outdoor air. The elemental composition was similar inside the trams and outdoors in both size fractions. However, some elements (Cr, Zn, Cu) were enriched in the trams and could be derived from outdoor sources such as the re-suspended dust, the rail abrasion, the abrasion of the overhead wire. According to the results the new CAF tram type was less polluted than the old KCSV one.

精细（PM_精细）和粗略（PM_粗略在加热和非加热季节行驶期间，对电车内部的颗粒物浓度和元素组成进行了调查。新的CAF和较旧的KCSV电车参与了这项研究。将电车获得的结果与附近城市背景站点测得的外部空气质量进行了比较。用重量分析法测定粗的（空气动力学直径大于2.5 µm的颗粒）和细的（空气动力学直径小于2.5 µm的颗粒）质量浓度。收集的样品的元素分析是通过匈牙利德意志匈牙利科学院核研究所（MTA-Atomki）的粒子诱导X射线发射（PIXE）方法进行的。车内的质量浓度比室外空气高5到20倍。在电车内部和室外，两种尺寸成分的元素组成都相似。但是，电车中富含一些元素（Cr，Zn，Cu），这些元素可能来自室外，例如再悬浮的粉尘，铁轨磨损，架空线磨损。根据结果​​，新的CAF电车比旧的KCSV电车污染少。