Abstract We investigate the characterisation and comparison of micro-scale patterns in silver-activated phosphate glass and lithium fluoride (LiF) single crystal written by a proton beam with an energy range of 1.7–4.5 MeV. A variety of micro-scale structures based on blue and orange luminescent Ag-related colour centres in Ag-activated glass and green and red luminescent F-aggregated colour centres in LiF are visualised by combining single- and two-photon confocal microscopes equipped with a blue continuous wave (cw) laser diode and a femtosecond (fs) laser in the near-infrared (NIR) region, respectively. Two- and three-dimensional (2D and 3D) reconstructed images are analytically evaluated using lateral/axial RPL intensity mapping. In addition, the origins of different RPL intensity profiles in a plateau region along the axial direction in both materials are examined and discussed.

中文翻译：

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通过单光子和多光子显微镜观察在 Ag 激活玻璃和 LiF 晶体中使用质子束写入的微图案的表征和比较

摘要 我们研究了由能量范围为 1.7-4.5 MeV 的质子束写入的银活化磷酸盐玻璃和氟化锂 (LiF) 单晶中微尺度图案的表征和比较。通过结合配备单光子和双光子共聚焦显微镜的单光子和双光子共聚焦显微镜，可以可视化基于 Ag 激活玻璃中蓝色和橙色发光 Ag 相关色心以及 LiF 中绿色和红色发光 F 聚集色心的各种微尺度结构。分别位于近红外 (NIR) 区域的蓝色连续波 (cw) 激光二极管和飞秒 (fs) 激光器。二维和三维（2D 和 3D）重建图像使用横向/轴向 RPL 强度映射进行分析评估。此外，