Microencapsulated phase change materials (microPCMs) using urea-formaldehyde as the shell material and tetradecane as the phase change material were successfully prepared via in situ polymerization reaction in an oil-in-water emulsion. Four groups of emulsifiers containing ionic or nonionic kinds were investigated through the performance of the as-prepared microPCMs including micro-topography, thermal energy storage, and thermal stability. The emulsifying capacity and the underlying mechanism of the emulsifiers were also evaluated and discussed. Experimental results showed that the combined emulsifier group of Triton X-100/sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate as the emulsifier provided the optimal emulsification for the preparation of microPCMs. The as-prepared microPCMs were then combined with expanded polyurethane in two manners to fabric thermal insulation composites with the phase change energy storage (PES) function. The thermal insulation and PES properties of the functional composites were evaluated using a thermal imager and wireless thermocouple. Both the composites revealed a distinct temperature transition region in their temperature–time curves, which demonstrated that the PES functional composites had been successfully fabricated. The research results may provide reliable data support for practical applications of microPCMs in the PES functional composite field.Microencapsulated phase change materials (microPCMs) using urea-formaldehyde as the shell material and tetradecane as the phase change material were successfully prepared via in situ polymerization reaction in an oil-in-water emulsion. Four groups of emulsifiers containing ionic or nonionic kinds were investigated through the performance of the as-prepared microPCMs including micro-topography, thermal energy storage, and thermal stability. The emulsifying capacity and the underlying mechanism of the emulsifiers were also evaluated and discussed. Experimental results showed that the combined emulsifier group of Triton X-100/sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate as the emulsifier provided the optimal emulsification for the preparation of microPCMs. The as-prepared microPCMs were then combined with expanded polyurethane in two manners to fabric thermal insulation composites with the phase change energy storage (PES) function. The thermal insulation and PES properties of the functional composites were evaluated us...

中文翻译：

---

基于优化乳化剂组合的微胶囊相变材料 (MicroPCMs)：制备、表征和应用

通过在水包油乳液中的原位聚合反应，成功制备了以脲甲醛为壳材料、十四烷为相变材料的微胶囊相变材料（microPCMs）。通过所制备的 microPCMs 的性能，包括微形貌、热能储存和热稳定性，研究了四组含有离子或非离子类型的乳化剂。还评估和讨论了乳化剂的乳化能力和潜在机制。实验结果表明，以Triton X-100/十二烷基苯磺酸钠为乳化剂的组合乳化剂组为微PCMs的制备提供了最佳乳化效果。然后将制备的 microPCMs 与膨胀聚氨酯以两种方式结合，制成具有相变储能 (PES) 功能的织物隔热复合材料。使用热像仪和无线热电偶评估功能复合材料的隔热和 PES 性能。两种复合材料在其温度-时间曲线中都显示出明显的温度转变区域，这表明 PES 功能复合材料已成功制造。研究结果可为microPCMs在PES功能复合材料领域的实际应用提供可靠的数据支持。通过在水包油乳液中的原位聚合反应，成功制备了以脲甲醛为壳材料、十四烷为相变材料的微胶囊相变材料（microPCMs）。通过所制备的 microPCMs 的性能，包括微形貌、热能储存和热稳定性，研究了四组含有离子或非离子类型的乳化剂。还评估和讨论了乳化剂的乳化能力和潜在机制。实验结果表明，以Triton X-100/十二烷基苯磺酸钠为乳化剂的组合乳化剂组为微PCMs的制备提供了最佳乳化效果。然后将制备的 microPCMs 与膨胀聚氨酯以两种方式结合，制成具有相变储能 (PES) 功能的织物隔热复合材料。功能复合材料的隔热和PES性能通过...