OBJECTIVE The present study explored an efficient new therapy that combined repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and family intervention in addition to risperidone to improve schizophrenia. METHODS A randomized controlled trial (January 2016-September 2017) involving 200 patients, of which 188 patients completed the 12-week study, and 50 controls were conducted in the research. The patients were randomly assigned to 12 weeks of treatment with risperidone alone (risperidone group), rTMS and risperidone (rTMS group), family intervention and risperidone (family intervention group), rTMS and risperidone plus family intervention (combined group). MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB) and the Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale (PANSS) were used to evaluate treatment efficacy. Repeated measures analysis of variance (RMANOVA) were performed to evaluate different treatment efficacy between four groups after 12 weeks of treatment. RESULTS (1) There were no significant differences in sex, age, education, cognitive function, or PANSS scores between the four groups at baseline (p's > 0.05). (2) There was a significant decrease in the PANSS scores and an increase in the MCCB scores after 12 weeks of treatment in all groups (time effect p's < 0.001). (3) The improvements in positive symptoms and negative symptoms were more obvious in the combined group than in other groups (p's < 0.05). (4) The combined group showed the superior effect in cognition function after 12 weeks. (5) And, interestingly, a remarkable synergistic effect between rTMS and family intervention therapy was observed. CONCLUSION There was a synergistic effect between rTMS and the family intervention as an effective combined therapy in improving schizophrenia. This study is registered with Chictr.org, number ChiCTR1900024422 (http://www.chictr.org.cn/edit.aspx?pid=34285&htm=4).

中文翻译：

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家庭干预和rTMS之间的协同作用可改善精神分裂症的认知和阴性症状：一项随机对照试验。

目的本研究探索了一种有效的新疗法，该疗法结合利培酮和重复性经颅磁刺激（rTMS）以及家庭干预，可改善精神分裂症。方法一项包括200名患者的随机对照试验（2016年1月至2017年9月），其中188名患者完成了为期12周的研究，并在研究中进行了50名对照。患者被随机分配为单独使用利培酮（利培酮组），rTMS和利培酮（rTMS组），家庭干预和利培酮（家庭干预组），rTMS和利培酮加家庭干预（合并组）治疗12周。MATRICS共识认知电池（MCCB）和阳性和阴性症状量表（PANSS）用于评估治疗效果。治疗12周后，进行重复测量方差分析（RMANOVA）以评估四组之间的不同治疗功效。结果（1）基线时，四组之间的性别，年龄，学历，认知功能或PANSS评分无显着差异（p's> 0.05）。（2）所有组在治疗12周后，PANSS评分均显着下降，MCCB评分显着增加（时间效应p <0.001）。（3）合并组中阳性和阴性症状的改善比其他组更明显（p's <0.05）。（4）12周后，联合组在认知功能上表现出更好的效果。（5）而且，有趣的是，观察到了rTMS与家庭干预治疗之间的显着协同作用。结论rTMS和家庭干预作为改善精神分裂症的有效联合疗法具有协同作用。该研究已在Chictr.org上注册，编号为ChiCTR1900024422（http://www.chictr.org.cn/edit.aspx?pid=34285&htm=4）。