Rural amenity migration, or the relocation for quality of life purposes as opposed to monetary enhancement, has been occurring for decades and has been particularly pronounced in the American West where the phenomenon peaked in the 1990s. Researchers have illustrated that some places are more attractive for migrants than others and that certain regional amenities hold considerable influence on where migrants relocate. Increased migration levels typically result in increased economic growth indicators, making amenity migration an attractive rural development strategy. But comprehensive econometric analysis focused on amenity migration in the American West has been lacking. To address this, we conducted an econometric analysis of attributes that influenced migration to rural Western counties from 1980 to 2010. Over 20 potential amenity supply categories were collated for 356 rural counties from 11 Western states, with a focus on public lands. Descriptive statistics and OLS regressions were estimated and interpreted. Traditional amenities of climate, water area, and regional access were highly associated with migration levels, while designated natural amenities of Wilderness and National Monuments were the most influential public lands for migration to rural Western counties. Farming and oil and gas dependency were negatively associated with migration levels. Increasing the amount of protected areas, and branding campaigns based on natural amenities, can be a critical development strategy for rural communities.

中文翻译：

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便利设施迁移和公共土地：保护区的兴起

农村便利设施迁移，或以生活质量为目的的搬迁，而不是货币提升，已经发生了几十年，在美国西部尤为明显，这种现象在 1990 年代达到顶峰。研究人员已经表明，有些地方比其他地方对移民更具吸引力，并且某些区域便利设施对移民的迁移地点有相当大的影响。移民水平的提高通常会导致经济增长指标的提高，从而使宜居性移民成为有吸引力的农村发展战略。但一直缺乏针对美国西部舒适性移民的综合计量经济学分析。为了解决这个问题，我们对 1980 年至 2010 年影响西部农村县迁移的属性进行了计量经济学分析。为来自西部 11 个州的 356 个农村县整理了 20 多个潜在的便利设施供应类别，重点是公共土地。估计和解释了描述性统计和 OLS 回归。气候、水域和区域通道等传统便利设施与迁移水平高度相关，而指定的荒野和国家纪念碑自然便利设施是向西部农村县迁移最具影响力的公共土地。农业和石油和天然气依赖与迁移水平呈负相关。增加保护区的数量和基于自然设施的品牌宣传活动，可以成为农村社区的一项重要发展战略。估计和解释了描述性统计和 OLS 回归。气候、水域和区域通道等传统便利设施与迁移水平高度相关，而指定的荒野和国家纪念碑自然便利设施是向西部农村县迁移最具影响力的公共土地。农业和石油和天然气依赖与迁移水平呈负相关。增加保护区的数量和基于自然设施的品牌宣传活动，可以成为农村社区的一项重要发展战略。估计和解释了描述性统计和 OLS 回归。气候、水域和区域通道等传统便利设施与迁移水平高度相关，而指定的荒野和国家纪念碑自然便利设施是向西部农村县迁移最具影响力的公共土地。农业和石油和天然气依赖与迁移水平呈负相关。增加保护区的数量和基于自然设施的品牌宣传活动，可以成为农村社区的一项重要发展战略。而荒野和国家纪念碑的指定自然设施是迁移到西部农村县的最有影响力的公共土地。农业和石油和天然气依赖与迁移水平呈负相关。增加保护区的数量和基于自然设施的品牌宣传活动，可以成为农村社区的一项重要发展战略。而荒野和国家纪念碑的指定自然设施是迁移到西部农村县的最有影响力的公共土地。农业和石油和天然气依赖与迁移水平呈负相关。增加保护区的数量和基于自然设施的品牌宣传活动，可以成为农村社区的一项重要发展战略。