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Saved by the pulse? Separating the effects of total and temporal food abundance on the growth and reproduction of bumble bee microcolonies
Basic and Applied Ecology ( IF 3.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2020.04.004
Jeremy Hemberger , Agathe Frappa , Grant Witynski , Claudio Gratton

Abstract The loss of flower-rich habitat in agricultural landscapes is a key factor contributing to bumble bee declines across Europe and North America. Yet, agricultural intensification has not only altered flower abundance in the landscape, but also affected when flowers are available during the season (e.g., mass-flowering crops). While we know that both total pollen and nectar as well as temporal availability can impact bumble bee colony success (growth and reproductive output), we have yet to understand how these two factors combined might manifest. We designed an experiment to decouple the effects of total food abundance and its temporal availability on bumble bee microcolony development by exposing them to either constant or pulsed food availability at a high and low ration level. Microcolonies provided constant, high-rations of food grew the most, while those fed variable, but high rations gained less mass over the course of the experiment. Regardless of the temporal presentation of food, microcolonies fed low rations gained little mass over the experiment. Reproductive output was greatest in microcolonies fed high rations, regardless of the temporal availability of food, while those given low rations produced on average 27% fewer drones. This study highlights the importance of food abundance for both colony growth and reproduction, regardless of how food is presented (e.g., constantly or in a pulse). Together, these results indicate that increasing total food abundance will have the greatest, positive impact on colony fitness.

中文翻译:

被脉搏救了?分离食物总丰度和时间丰度对熊蜂微菌落生长和繁殖的影响

摘要 农业景观中花卉丰富的栖息地的丧失是导致欧洲和北美大黄蜂数量减少的一个关键因素。然而,农业集约化不仅改变了景观中的花卉丰度,而且还影响了当季有花的时间(例如,大量开花作物)。虽然我们知道总花粉和花蜜以及时间可用性都会影响大黄蜂群体的成功(生长和繁殖输出),但我们尚未了解这两个因素的结合可能会如何表现。我们设计了一个实验,通过将它们暴露在高和低口粮水平下的恒定或脉冲食物供应中,来分离总食物丰度及其时间可用性对大黄蜂微菌落发育的影响。提供恒定的微菌落,高配给的食物增长最多,而那些喂食可变但高配给的食物在实验过程中获得的质量较少。不管食物的时间表现如何,在实验中喂食低口粮的小菌落几乎没有增加质量。无论食物的时间可用性如何,高口粮喂养的小菌落的生殖产量最大,而那些低口粮的小菌落产生的无人机平均减少 27%。这项研究强调了食物丰富对菌落生长和繁殖的重要性,无论食物如何呈现(例如,持续或以脉冲方式呈现)。总之,这些结果表明,增加总食物丰度将对群体健康产生最大的积极影响。不管食物的时间表现如何,在实验中喂食低口粮的小菌落几乎没有增加质量。无论食物的时间可用性如何,高口粮喂养的小菌落的生殖产量最大,而那些低口粮的小菌落产生的无人机平均减少 27%。这项研究强调了食物丰富对菌落生长和繁殖的重要性,无论食物如何呈现(例如,持续或以脉冲方式呈现)。总之,这些结果表明,增加总食物丰度将对群体健康产生最大的积极影响。不管食物的时间表现如何,在实验中喂食低口粮的小菌落几乎没有增加质量。无论食物的时间可用性如何,高口粮喂养的小菌落的生殖产量最大,而那些低口粮的小菌落产生的无人机平均减少 27%。这项研究强调了食物丰富对菌落生长和繁殖的重要性,无论食物如何呈现(例如,持续或以脉冲方式呈现)。总之,这些结果表明,增加总食物丰度将对群体健康产生最大的积极影响。而那些给予低口粮的人生产的无人机平均减少了 27%。这项研究强调了食物丰富对菌落生长和繁殖的重要性,无论食物如何呈现(例如,持续或以脉冲方式呈现)。总之,这些结果表明,增加总食物丰度将对群体健康产生最大的积极影响。而那些给予低口粮的人生产的无人机平均减少了 27%。这项研究强调了食物丰富对菌落生长和繁殖的重要性,无论食物如何呈现(例如,持续或以脉冲方式呈现)。总之,这些结果表明,增加总食物丰度将对群体健康产生最大的积极影响。
更新日期:2020-06-01
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