Objective: This study was the first attempt to explore the efficacy of a mindfulness protocol for children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), and their parents. Method: Fifty male children with ADHD and ODD diagnosis, aged 8 to 12, were randomly assigned to the mindfulness intervention (n = 25) or the wait-list (n = 25) group. Outcome measures included children, parents', and teachers' reports and objective measures of attention. Results: Children from the intervention group had a greater reduction in hyperactive behaviors in the school context (effect size [ES] = 0.59) and a greater improvement in visual sustained attention (ES = 0.77) and in Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire scores (ES = 0.43) than those in the wait-list control group. No significant effect of the intervention on aggressive behaviors was revealed. Conclusion: A mindfulness intervention for children and their parents showed partial beneficial effects in children with ADHD + ODD.

中文翻译：

---

探索正念计划对注意力缺陷多动障碍和对立违抗障碍男孩的功效。

目的：本研究首次尝试探索正念方案对注意力缺陷多动障碍 (ADHD) 和对立违抗障碍 (ODD) 儿童及其父母的疗效。方法：50 名患有 ADHD 和 ODD 诊断的男性儿童，年龄在 8 至 12 岁之间，被随机分配到正念干预组（n = 25）或等待名单（n = 25）组。结果衡量标准包括儿童、家长和教师的报告以及客观的关注衡量标准。结果：干预组的儿童在学校环境中的多动行为减少更多（效果大小 [ES] = 0.59），视觉持续注意力（ES = 0.77）和回避和融合问卷得分（ES = 0.43) 比等待名单控制组中的那些。没有发现干预对攻击行为的显着影响。结论：针对儿童及其父母的正念干预对 ADHD + ODD 儿童显示出部分有益效果。