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Loss of Mitochondrial Genetic Diversity in Overexploited Mediterranean Swordfish (Xiphias gladius, 1759) Population
Diversity ( IF 3.029 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-26 , DOI: 10.3390/d12050170
Tommaso Righi , Andrea Splendiani , Tatiana Fioravanti , Elia Casoni , Giorgia Gioacchini , Oliana Carnevali , Vincenzo Caputo Barucchi

Intense and prolonged mortality caused by over-exploitation could drive the decay of genetic diversity which may lead to decrease species’ resilience to environmental changes, thus increasing their extinction risk. Swordfish is a high commercial value species, especially in the Mediterranean Sea, where it is affected by high catch levels. Mediterranean swordfish consist of a population genetically and biologically distinct from Atlantic ones and therefore managed as a separate stock. The last Mediterranean swordfish stock assessment reported that in the last forty years Mediterranean swordfish has been overfished and, to date, it is still subject to overfishing. A comparison between an available mitochondrial sequence dataset and a homologous current sample was carried out to investigate temporal genetic variation in the Mediterranean swordfish population over near twenty years. Our study provides the first direct measure of reduced genetic diversity for Mediterranean swordfish during a short period, as measured both in the direct loss of mitochondrial haplotypes and reduction in haplotype diversity. A reduction of the relative females’ effective population size in the recent sample has been also detected. The possible relationship between fishery activities and the loss of genetic diversity in the Mediterranean swordfish population is discussed.

中文翻译:

过度开发的地中海箭鱼(Xiphias gladius,1759)种群线粒体遗传多样性的丧失

过度开发造成的强烈和长期的死亡可能会导致遗传多样性的衰退,从而可能导致物种对环境变化的适应力下降,从而增加其灭绝的风险。箭鱼是一种具有很高商业价值的物种,尤其是在地中海,受到高捕获水平的影响。地中海箭鱼的种群在基因和生物学上均不同于大西洋,因此作为独立种群进行管理。上一次地中海箭鱼种群评估报告说,在过去的40年中,地中海箭鱼被过度捕捞,迄今为止,仍然遭受过度捕捞。比较了现有的线粒体序列数据集和当前的同源样本,以研究近二十年来地中海箭鱼种群的时间遗传变异。我们的研究提供了第一个直接测量地中海箭鱼在短时期内遗传多样性降低的直接方法,既可以通过线粒体单倍型的直接损失,也可以通过单倍型多样性的减少来衡量。在最近的样本中,相对女性的有效种群数量也有所减少。讨论了地中海箭鱼种群中渔业活动与遗传多样性丧失之间的可能关系。线粒体单倍型的直接损失和单倍型多样性的降低都可以测量。在最近的样本中,相对女性的有效种群数量也有所减少。讨论了地中海箭鱼种群中渔业活动与遗传多样性丧失之间的可能关系。线粒体单倍型的直接损失和单倍型多样性的降低都可以测量。在最近的样本中,相对女性的有效种群数量也有所减少。讨论了地中海箭鱼种群中渔业活动与遗传多样性丧失之间的可能关系。
更新日期:2020-04-26
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