Abstract Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a rapidly evolving virus, allowing its genetic sequence to act as a fingerprint for epidemiological processes among, as well as within, individual infected hosts. Though primarily infecting the CD4+ T-cell population, HIV can also be found in monocytes, an immune cell population that differs in several aspects from the canonical T-cell viral target. Using single genome viral sequencing and statistical phylogenetic inference, we investigated the viral RNA diversity and relative contribution of each of these immune cell types to the viral population within the peripheral blood. Results provide evidence of an increased prevalence of circulating monocytes harboring virus in individuals with high viral load in the absence of suppressive antiretroviral therapy. Bayesian phyloanatomic analysis of three of these individuals demonstrated a measurable role for these cells, but not the circulating T-cell population, as a source of cell-free virus in the plasma, supporting the hypothesis that these cells can act as an additional conduit of virus spread.

中文翻译：

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宿主内不同 T 细胞和单核细胞对外周血 HIV 群体的贡献的系统解剖学特征

摘要 人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 是一种快速进化的病毒，它的基因序列可以作为个体感染宿主之间和内部流行病学过程的指纹。尽管主要感染 CD4+ T 细胞群，但也可以在单核细胞中发现 HIV，这是一种免疫细胞群，在几个方面与典型的 T 细胞病毒靶标不同。使用单基因组病毒测序和统计系统发育推断，我们研究了病毒 RNA 的多样性和每种免疫细胞类型对外周血中病毒种群的相对贡献。结果提供的证据表明，在没有抑制性抗逆转录病毒治疗的情况下，病毒载量高的个体中携带病毒的循环单核细胞的流行率增加。