Melatonin (N‐acetyl‐5‐methoxytryptamine), a pleotropic molecule with a wide distribution, has received considerable attention in recent years, mostly because of its various major effects on tissues or cells since it has both receptor‐dependent and receptor‐independent actions over a wide range of concentrations. These biological and physiological functions of melatonin include regulation of circadian rhythms by modulating the expression of core oscillator genes, scavenging the reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species, modulating the immune system and inflammatory response, and exerting cytoprotective and antiapoptotic effects. Given the multiple critical roles of melatonin, dysregulation of its production or any disruption in signaling through its receptors may have contributed in the development of a wide range of disorders including type 2 diabetes, aging, immune‐mediated diseases, hypertension, and cancer. Herein, we focus on the modulatory effects of melatonin on angiogenesis and its implications as a therapeutic strategy in cancer and related diseases.

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褪黑激素：一种在调节血管生成中具有主要功能的非典型激素

褪黑激素（N-乙酰-5-甲氧基色胺）是一种分布广泛的多效性分子，近年来受到广泛关注，主要是因为它具有受体依赖性和受体非依赖性两种作用，对组织或细胞具有多种主要作用。在广泛的浓度范围内。褪黑激素的这些生物学和生理功能包括通过调节核心振荡器基因的表达来调节昼夜节律、清除活性氧和活性氮、调节免疫系统和炎症反应，以及发挥细胞保护和抗凋亡作用。鉴于褪黑激素的多重关键作用，其产生的失调或通过其受体的信号传导的任何中断都可能导致多种疾病的发展，包括 2 型糖尿病、衰老、免疫介导的疾病、高血压和癌症。在此，我们专注于褪黑激素对血管生成的调节作用及其作为癌症和相关疾病治疗策略的意义。