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Manipulations of sensory experiences during development reveal mechanisms underlying vocal learning biases in zebra finches.
Developmental Neurobiology ( IF 3 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-20 , DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22754
Logan S James 1, 2 , Ronald Davies 1 , Chihiro Mori 3 , Kazuhiro Wada 3, 4 , Jon T Sakata 1, 2, 5
Affiliation  

Biological predispositions in learning can bias and constrain the cultural evolution of social and communicative behaviors (e.g., speech and birdsong), and lead to the emergence of behavioral and cultural “universals.” For example, surveys of laboratory and wild populations of zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata) document consistent patterning of vocal elements (“syllables”) with respect to their acoustic properties (e.g., duration, mean frequency). Furthermore, such universal patterns are also produced by birds that are experimentally tutored with songs containing randomly sequenced syllables (“tutored birds”). Despite extensive demonstrations of learning biases, much remains to be uncovered about the nature of biological predispositions that bias song learning and production in songbirds. Here, we examined the degree to which “innate” auditory templates and/or biases in vocal motor production contribute to vocal learning biases and production in zebra finches. Such contributions can be revealed by examining acoustic patterns in the songs of birds raised without sensory exposure to song (“untutored birds”) or of birds that are unable to hear from early in development (“early‐deafened birds”). We observed that untutored zebra finches and early‐deafened zebra finches produce songs with positional variation in some acoustic features (e.g., mean frequency) that resemble universal patterns observed in tutored birds. Similar to tutored birds, early‐deafened birds also produced song motifs with alternation in acoustic features across adjacent syllables. That universal acoustic patterns are observed in the songs of both untutored and early‐deafened birds highlights the contribution motor production biases to the emergence of universals in culturally transmitted behaviors.

中文翻译:

对发育过程中的感官体验的操纵揭示了斑马雀科中语音学习偏见的潜在机制。

学习中的生物学倾向会偏向和限制社会和交往行为(例如,言语和鸟鸣声)的文化演变,并导致出现行为和文化“普遍现象”。例如,对斑马雀(Taeniopygia guttata)的实验室和野生种群进行的调查)就人声元素(“音节”)的声学特性(例如,持续时间,平均频率)记录一致的图案。此外,这种鸟类也产生了这种普遍的规律,这些鸟类通过实验接受含有随机排序的音节的歌曲的辅导(“受辅导的鸟”)。尽管有大量的学习偏见的证明,但是关于偏向歌曲学习和生产中的歌曲的生物学倾向的本质,仍有许多地方尚未发现。在这里,我们研究了“先天性”听觉模板和/或声带运动产生的偏见对声乐学习偏向和斑马雀产生的影响程度。可以通过检查没有感官接触歌曲的鸟类(“无知的鸟类”)或发育早期无法听到的鸟类(“聋哑的鸟类”)的声音模式来揭示这种贡献。我们观察到,未经训练的斑马雀和早聋的斑马雀产生的歌曲在某些声学特征(例如平均频率)中具有位置变化,类似于在家禽中观察到的普遍模式。与受辅导的鸟类相似,失聪的鸟类在相邻音节中也产生歌曲特征,其声学特征互不相同。在未受过训练的和失聪的鸟类的歌曲中都观察到了普遍的声音模式,这突显了汽车生产偏差对普遍存在的文化传播行为的贡献。我们观察到,未经训练的斑马雀和早聋的斑马雀产生的歌曲在某些声学特征(例如平均频率)中具有位置变化,类似于在家禽中观察到的普遍模式。与受辅导的鸟类相似,失聪的鸟类在相邻音节中也产生歌曲特征,其声学特征互不相同。在未受过训练的和早聋的鸟类的歌曲中都观察到了普遍的声音模式,这突显了汽车生产偏差对普遍存在的文化传播行为的贡献。我们观察到,未经训练的斑马雀和早聋的斑马雀产生的歌曲在某些声学特征(例如平均频率)中具有位置变化,类似于在家禽中观察到的普遍模式。与受辅导的鸟类相似,失聪的鸟类在相邻音节中也产生歌曲特征,其声学特征互不相同。在未受过训练的和失聪的鸟类的歌曲中都观察到了普遍的声音模式,这突显了汽车生产偏差对普遍存在的文化传播行为的贡献。失聪的鸟类还产生了相邻音节的声音特征互不相同的歌曲主题。在未受过训练的和早聋的鸟类的歌曲中都观察到了普遍的声音模式,这突显了汽车生产偏差对普遍存在的文化传播行为的贡献。失聪的鸟类还产生了相邻音节的声音特征互不相同的歌曲主题。在未受过训练的和失聪的鸟类的歌曲中都观察到了普遍的声音模式,这突显了汽车生产偏差对普遍存在的文化传播行为的贡献。
更新日期:2020-05-20
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